PURPOSE OF REVIEW: HIV infection is the main driver of the HIV/tuberculosis (TB) syndemic in southern Africa since the early 1990s, when HIV infection rates started to increase exponentially and TB incidence rates quadruplet simultaneously. Here, we discuss pathogenic mechanisms of HIV-induced CD4 T-cell depletion and their potential impact on immune control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RECENT FINDINGS: Depletion of effector memory CD4 T cells from the air-tissue interphase, their dysfunctional regeneration and the preferential depletion of MTB-specific CD4 T cells from circulation and from the air-tissue interphase might be key factors for the increased susceptibility to develop active TB after HIV infection. SUMMARY: Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy or the development of an efficacious HIV vaccine would be the best options to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the HIV/TB syndemic.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: HIV infection is the main driver of the HIV/tuberculosis (TB) syndemic in southern Africa since the early 1990s, when HIV infection rates started to increase exponentially and TB incidence rates quadruplet simultaneously. Here, we discuss pathogenic mechanisms of HIV-induced CD4 T-cell depletion and their potential impact on immune control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RECENT FINDINGS: Depletion of effector memory CD4 T cells from the air-tissue interphase, their dysfunctional regeneration and the preferential depletion of MTB-specific CD4 T cells from circulation and from the air-tissue interphase might be key factors for the increased susceptibility to develop active TB after HIV infection. SUMMARY: Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy or the development of an efficacious HIV vaccine would be the best options to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the HIV/TB syndemic.
Authors: S Danaviah; J A Sacks; K P S Kumar; L M Taylor; D A Fallows; T Naicker; T Ndung'u; S Govender; G Kaplan Journal: Tuberculosis (Edinb) Date: 2013-03-28 Impact factor: 3.131
Authors: Samuel M Behar; Stephen M Carpenter; Matthew G Booty; Daniel L Barber; Pushpa Jayaraman Journal: Semin Immunol Date: 2014-10-11 Impact factor: 11.130
Authors: Srabanti Rakshit; Asma Ahmed; Vasista Adiga; Bharath K Sundararaj; Pravat Nalini Sahoo; John Kenneth; George D'Souza; Wesley Bonam; Christina Johnson; Kees Lmc Franken; Tom Hm Ottenhoff; Greg Finak; Raphael Gottardo; Kenneth D Stuart; Stephen C De Rosa; M Juliana McElrath; Annapurna Vyakarnam Journal: JCI Insight Date: 2019-12-19
Authors: Augustine O Ebonyi; Stephen Oguche; Emeka U Ejeliogu; Oche O Agbaji; Nathan Y Shehu; Isaac O Abah; Atiene S Sagay; Placid O Ugoagwu; Prosper I Okonkwo; John A Idoko; Phyllis J Kanki Journal: Germs Date: 2016-03-01
Authors: Cláudio Nunes-Alves; Matthew G Booty; Stephen M Carpenter; Pushpa Jayaraman; Alissa C Rothchild; Samuel M Behar Journal: Nat Rev Microbiol Date: 2014-03-03 Impact factor: 60.633