[Hashimoto's encephalopathy].

Hashimoto's encephalopathy was first described by Lord Brain in 1966. Since, other designations have been proposed and the existence of the disease itself has been debated. However, the number of reported cases in the literature is still increasing and physicians are sometimes confronted with patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations and positive thyroid antibodies. This article is an update based upon a search through Medline database that identified 316 references published between 1961 and 2011. Hashimoto's encephalopathy is a rare condition for which there is a need for both diagnostic criteria and therapeutic consensus.