PURPOSE: Proteinuria plays an important role in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as a powerful predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to investigate the potential determinants associated with overt proteinuria in non-diabetic patients with late-stage CKD. METHODS: Between January 2006 and September 2011, a total of 418 non-diabetic patients with CKD stage 3-5 were enrolled from the outpatient department of nephrology. Urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio and serum phosphorus were determined. Other laboratory parameters, associated comorbidities, medication use, body mass index, and blood pressure were also assessed. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 66.7 ± 14.0 years. In multiple logistic regression analysis and adjusting for established risk factors, the odds ratios for overt proteinuria were 3.96 (95 % confidence interval, 1.80-8.76; p = 0.001) for higher serum phosphorus level (≥4.3 mg/dl) and 3.56 (95 % confidence interval, 1.47-8.63; p = 0.005) for hypercholesterolemia (≥217 mg/dl), compared to subjects with serum phosphorus <3.3 mg/dl and cholesterol level 158-184 mg/dl. The similar significant findings remained robust in individuals not receiving phosphate binder. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperphosphatemia and high serum cholesterol are associated with overt proteinuria in non-diabetic patients with late-stage CKD. Further studies should clarify whether this relation is causal and whether serum phosphorus level should be a new therapeutic target for proteinuria reduction.
PURPOSE:Proteinuria plays an important role in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as a powerful predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to investigate the potential determinants associated with overt proteinuria in non-diabeticpatients with late-stage CKD. METHODS: Between January 2006 and September 2011, a total of 418 non-diabeticpatients with CKD stage 3-5 were enrolled from the outpatient department of nephrology. Urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio and serum phosphorus were determined. Other laboratory parameters, associated comorbidities, medication use, body mass index, and blood pressure were also assessed. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 66.7 ± 14.0 years. In multiple logistic regression analysis and adjusting for established risk factors, the odds ratios for overt proteinuria were 3.96 (95 % confidence interval, 1.80-8.76; p = 0.001) for higher serum phosphorus level (≥4.3 mg/dl) and 3.56 (95 % confidence interval, 1.47-8.63; p = 0.005) for hypercholesterolemia (≥217 mg/dl), compared to subjects with serum phosphorus <3.3 mg/dl and cholesterol level 158-184 mg/dl. The similar significant findings remained robust in individuals not receiving phosphate binder. CONCLUSIONS:Hyperphosphatemia and high serum cholesterol are associated with overt proteinuria in non-diabeticpatients with late-stage CKD. Further studies should clarify whether this relation is causal and whether serum phosphorus level should be a new therapeutic target for proteinuria reduction.
Authors: H C Gerstein; J F Mann; Q Yi; B Zinman; S F Dinneen; B Hoogwerf; J P Hallé; J Young; A Rashkow; C Joyce; S Nawaz; S Yusuf Journal: JAMA Date: 2001-07-25 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: G F Diercks; A J van Boven; H L Hillege; W M Janssen; J A Kors; P E de Jong; D E Grobbee; H J Crijns; W H van Gilst Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 2000-12 Impact factor: 29.983
Authors: Ervin R Fox; Emelia J Benjamin; Daniel F Sarpong; Harsha Nagarajarao; Jason K Taylor; Michael W Steffes; Abdullah K Salahudeen; Michael F Flessner; Ermeg L Akylbekova; Caroline S Fox; Robert J Garrison; Herman A Taylor Journal: BMC Nephrol Date: 2010-01-15 Impact factor: 2.388
Authors: Kyu Keun Kang; Jung Ran Choi; Ji Young Song; Sung Wan Han; So Hyun Park; Woong Sun Yoo; Hwe Won Kim; Dongyoung Lee; Kyoung Hyoub Moon; Myung Hee Lee; Beom Kim Journal: Chonnam Med J Date: 2012-12-21