[Locomotive syndrome and frailty. Frailty in patients with fall & fall-related fracture].

Among geriatric syndromes, fall and fall-related fractures are one of the leading causes of the elderly's need for long-term care. Hip fractures are the typical cases. The underlying diseases of locomotive syndrome, such as sarcopenia, musculoskeletal ambulation disorder symptom complex, and osteoporosis, are closely associated with fall and fall-related fractures. From the stand point of frailty, sarcopenia, which is considered the major cause of aging-associated declines in function and reserve across multiple physiologic systems, plays a role in fall and fall-related fractures. The common adverse health outcomes both in locomotive syndrome and frailty, is a decrease in walking function and muscle strength. Understanding the role of the underlying diseases of locomotive syndrome including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis within the frailty cycle is important for the future.