OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of the intakes of ω-3 (including α-linolenic acid [ALA], eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] plus docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the interaction, and the ratio of these PUFAs with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a random sample of participants (n = 2451, 19-84 y old) in the Tehran Lipid Glucose Study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, and fasting plasma concentrations of glucose and lipids were measured. The MetS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. RESULTS: Among the PUFAs, the ALA and ω-6 PUFA intakes were inversely associated with the MetS. Subjects in the highest quartile of ALA and ω-6 fatty acid intakes had a 38% (odds ratio 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.95) and a 0.47% (odds ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.31-0.89) lower prevalence of MetS, respectively, compared with those in the lowest quartile. The dietary ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acids was not associated with the MetS. When the interaction between ALA and ω-6 fatty acid was assessed, the ALA intake was associated with a lower prevalence of the MetS, without modification by the ω-6 PUFA intake. Subjects with at least the median ALA intake (1084 mg/d) had a lower prevalence of the MetS, irrespective of an ω-6 PUFA intake lower or higher than the median compared with subjects with intakes below the median for both. CONCLUSION: The ALA intake was inversely associated with the MetS, irrespective of the background intake of ω-6 PUFAs, in adults.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of the intakes of ω-3 (including α-linolenic acid [ALA], eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] plus docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the interaction, and the ratio of these PUFAs with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a random sample of participants (n = 2451, 19-84 y old) in the Tehran Lipid Glucose Study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, and fasting plasma concentrations of glucose and lipids were measured. The MetS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. RESULTS: Among the PUFAs, the ALA and ω-6 PUFA intakes were inversely associated with the MetS. Subjects in the highest quartile of ALA and ω-6 fatty acid intakes had a 38% (odds ratio 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.95) and a 0.47% (odds ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.31-0.89) lower prevalence of MetS, respectively, compared with those in the lowest quartile. The dietary ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acids was not associated with the MetS. When the interaction between ALA and ω-6 fatty acid was assessed, the ALA intake was associated with a lower prevalence of the MetS, without modification by the ω-6 PUFA intake. Subjects with at least the median ALA intake (1084 mg/d) had a lower prevalence of the MetS, irrespective of an ω-6 PUFA intake lower or higher than the median compared with subjects with intakes below the median for both. CONCLUSION: The ALA intake was inversely associated with the MetS, irrespective of the background intake of ω-6 PUFAs, in adults.
Authors: Yong-Seok Kim; Pengcheng Xun; Carlos Iribarren; Linda Van Horn; Lyn Steffen; Martha L Daviglus; David Siscovick; Kiang Liu; Ka He Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2016-01-27 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: Alicia Julibert; Maria Del Mar Bibiloni; Cristina Bouzas; Miguel Ángel Martínez-González; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Dolores Corella; Maria Dolors Zomeño; Dora Romaguera; Jesús Vioque; Ángel M Alonso-Gómez; Julia Wärnberg; J Alfredo Martínez; Luís Serra-Majem; Ramon Estruch; Francisco J Tinahones; José Lapetra; Xavier Pintó; José Lopez-Miranda; Laura García-Molina; José Juan Gaforio; Pilar Matía-Martín; Lidia Daimiel; Vicente Martín-Sánchez; Josep Vidal; Clotilde Vázquez; Emili Ros; Estefanía Toledo; Nerea Becerra-Tomás; Olga Pórtoles; Karla A Pérez-Vega; Miquel Fiol; Laura Torres-Collado; Lucas Tojal-Sierra; Rosa Carabaño-Moral; Itziar Abete; Almudena Sanchez-Villegas; Rosa Casas; María Rosa Bernal-López; José Manuel Santos-Lozano; Ana Galera; Lucía Ugarriza; Miguel Ruiz-Canela; Nancy Babio; Oscar Coltell; Helmut Schröder; Jadwiga Konieczna; Domingo Orozco-Beltrán; Carolina Sorto-Sánchez; Sonia Eguaras; Laura Barrubés; Montserrat Fitó; Josep A Tur Journal: Nutrients Date: 2019-06-29 Impact factor: 5.717