AIMS: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder with an etiopathogeny not fully understood. According to the prevailing view, the main factors contributing to the disorder are prefrontal dopamine deficiency and central dopaminergic dysfunction, but the factors/mechanisms involved in the brain dysfunction and its consequences are not well known. We suggest that changes in oxidative metabolism and cellular immunity may be involved. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there are associations between ADHD and changes in serum levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), xanthine oxidase (XO), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activities, which are important markers of oxidative stress, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity, marker of cellular immunity. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 35 child or adolescent patients diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Thirty-five healthy subjects were also included in the study as controls. Venous blood samples were collected, and NOS, XO, GST, PON-1 and ADA activities were measured. RESULTS: NOS, XO and ADA activities of the patients were significantly higher than those of the controls. GST and PON-1 activities of the patients were significantly lower than those of the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in oxidative metabolism and cellular immunity may have a role in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD.
AIMS: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder with an etiopathogeny not fully understood. According to the prevailing view, the main factors contributing to the disorder are prefrontal dopaminedeficiency and central dopaminergic dysfunction, but the factors/mechanisms involved in the brain dysfunction and its consequences are not well known. We suggest that changes in oxidative metabolism and cellular immunity may be involved. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there are associations between ADHD and changes in serum levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), xanthine oxidase (XO), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activities, which are important markers of oxidative stress, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity, marker of cellular immunity. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 35 child or adolescent patients diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Thirty-five healthy subjects were also included in the study as controls. Venous blood samples were collected, and NOS, XO, GST, PON-1 and ADA activities were measured. RESULTS: NOS, XO and ADA activities of the patients were significantly higher than those of the controls. GST and PON-1 activities of the patients were significantly lower than those of the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in oxidative metabolism and cellular immunity may have a role in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD.
Authors: Elizabeth N Allred; Olaf Dammann; Raina N Fichorova; Stephen R Hooper; Scott J Hunter; Robert M Joseph; Karl Kuban; Alan Leviton; Thomas Michael O'Shea; Megan N Scott Journal: J Neuroimmune Pharmacol Date: 2017-04-12 Impact factor: 4.147
Authors: Asma Khan; Loek A W de Jong; Mary E Kamenski; Kerin K Higa; Jacinta D Lucero; Jared W Young; M Margarita Behrens; Susan B Powell Journal: Neuroscience Date: 2016-11-24 Impact factor: 3.590
Authors: Abdullah Atli; Mahmut Bulut; Yasin Bez; İbrahim Kaplan; Pınar Güzel Özdemir; Cem Uysal; Hilal Selçuk; Aytekin Sir Journal: Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci Date: 2015-09-01 Impact factor: 5.270