OBJECTIVE: Barrett's esophagus (BO) is a precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC), a cancer with a poor prognosis and an increasing incidence. Hence there is an interest in mapping causal factors underlying BO and finding strategies to reduce the risk of dysplasia progression in patients with BO. Here we review current knowledge on established as well as less risk factors for the development of BO. Additionally, we summarize today's status on the use of chemoprevention aiming to reduce the risk of cancer progression in BO patients. METHODS: We searched Medline and the Cochrane Library using the MeSH terms "Barrett's esophagus" and "Barrett esophagus," both alone and combined with the terms "risk factor," "aetiology," "diet," or "prevention." Focus was on original contributions, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. RESULTS: Established risk factors for the development of BO include gastro-esophageal reflux, obesity, male gender, Caucasian ethnicity, and increasing age. Smoking might increase the risk of BO, while aspirin/NSAIDs, Helicobacter pylori infection, and specific "healthy" dietary factors may lower the risk. The potential value of using chemoprevention with proton pump inhibitors, aspirin/NSAIDs, or statins is still uncertain. CONCLUSIONS: There is today a substantial knowledge of risk factors of BO. Certain diet may be protective of BO, albeit yet to be proven. The efficiency of chemoprevention in BO is currently addressed further in randomized clinical trials.
OBJECTIVE: Barrett's esophagus (BO) is a precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC), a cancer with a poor prognosis and an increasing incidence. Hence there is an interest in mapping causal factors underlying BO and finding strategies to reduce the risk of dysplasia progression in patients with BO. Here we review current knowledge on established as well as less risk factors for the development of BO. Additionally, we summarize today's status on the use of chemoprevention aiming to reduce the risk of cancer progression in BOpatients. METHODS: We searched Medline and the Cochrane Library using the MeSH terms "Barrett's esophagus" and "Barrett esophagus," both alone and combined with the terms "risk factor," "aetiology," "diet," or "prevention." Focus was on original contributions, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. RESULTS: Established risk factors for the development of BO include gastro-esophageal reflux, obesity, male gender, Caucasian ethnicity, and increasing age. Smoking might increase the risk of BO, while aspirin/NSAIDs, Helicobacter pylori infection, and specific "healthy" dietary factors may lower the risk. The potential value of using chemoprevention with proton pump inhibitors, aspirin/NSAIDs, or statins is still uncertain. CONCLUSIONS: There is today a substantial knowledge of risk factors of BO. Certain diet may be protective of BO, albeit yet to be proven. The efficiency of chemoprevention in BO is currently addressed further in randomized clinical trials.
Authors: Stuart A C McDonald; Danielle Lavery; Nicholas A Wright; Marnix Jansen Journal: Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2014-11-04 Impact factor: 46.802
Authors: Hashem B El-Serag; Ali Hashmi; Jose Garcia; Peter Richardson; Abeer Alsarraj; Stephanie Fitzgerald; Marcelo Vela; Yasser Shaib; Neena S Abraham; Maria Velez; Rhonda Cole; Margot B Rodriguez; Bhupinderjit Anand; David Y Graham; Jennifer R Kramer Journal: Gut Date: 2013-02-13 Impact factor: 23.059
Authors: Zhan Su; Laura J Gay; Amy Strange; Claire Palles; Gavin Band; David C Whiteman; Francesco Lescai; Cordelia Langford; Manoj Nanji; Sarah Edkins; Anouk van der Winkel; David Levine; Peter Sasieni; Céline Bellenguez; Kimberley Howarth; Colin Freeman; Nigel Trudgill; Art T Tucker; Matti Pirinen; Maikel P Peppelenbosch; Luc J W van der Laan; Ernst J Kuipers; Joost P H Drenth; Wilbert H Peters; John V Reynolds; Dermot P Kelleher; Ross McManus; Heike Grabsch; Hans Prenen; Raf Bisschops; Kausila Krishnadath; Peter D Siersema; Jantine W P M van Baal; Mark Middleton; Russell Petty; Richard Gillies; Nicola Burch; Pradeep Bhandari; Stuart Paterson; Cathryn Edwards; Ian Penman; Kishor Vaidya; Yeng Ang; Iain Murray; Praful Patel; Weimin Ye; Paul Mullins; Anna H Wu; Nigel C Bird; Helen Dallal; Nicholas J Shaheen; Liam J Murray; Konrad Koss; Leslie Bernstein; Yvonne Romero; Laura J Hardie; Rui Zhang; Helen Winter; Douglas A Corley; Simon Panter; Harvey A Risch; Brian J Reid; Ian Sargeant; Marilie D Gammon; Howard Smart; Anjan Dhar; Hugh McMurtry; Haythem Ali; Geoffrey Liu; Alan G Casson; Wong-Ho Chow; Matt Rutter; Ashref Tawil; Danielle Morris; Chuka Nwokolo; Peter Isaacs; Colin Rodgers; Krish Ragunath; Chris MacDonald; Chris Haigh; David Monk; Gareth Davies; Saj Wajed; David Johnston; Michael Gibbons; Sue Cullen; Nicholas Church; Ruth Langley; Michael Griffin; Derek Alderson; Panos Deloukas; Sarah E Hunt; Emma Gray; Serge Dronov; Simon C Potter; Avazeh Tashakkori-Ghanbaria; Mark Anderson; Claire Brooks; Jenefer M Blackwell; Elvira Bramon; Matthew A Brown; Juan P Casas; Aiden Corvin; Audrey Duncanson; Hugh S Markus; Christopher G Mathew; Colin N A Palmer; Robert Plomin; Anna Rautanen; Stephen J Sawcer; Richard C Trembath; Ananth C Viswanathan; Nicholas Wood; Gosia Trynka; Cisca Wijmenga; Jean-Baptiste Cazier; Paul Atherfold; Anna M Nicholson; Nichola L Gellatly; Deborah Glancy; Sheldon C Cooper; David Cunningham; Tore Lind; Julie Hapeshi; David Ferry; Barrie Rathbone; Julia Brown; Sharon Love; Stephen Attwood; Stuart MacGregor; Peter Watson; Scott Sanders; Weronica Ek; Rebecca F Harrison; Paul Moayyedi; John de Caestecker; Hugh Barr; Elia Stupka; Thomas L Vaughan; Leena Peltonen; Chris C A Spencer; Ian Tomlinson; Peter Donnelly; Janusz A Z Jankowski Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2012-09-09 Impact factor: 38.330