OBJECTIVE: To present a global update of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and explore trends in 1994-2010. METHODS: Data on drug resistance among new and previously treated TB patients, as reported by countries to the World Health Organization, were analysed. Such data are collected through surveys of a representative sample of TB patients or surveillance systems based on routine drug susceptibility testing. Associations between multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and sex were explored through logistic regression. FINDINGS: In 2007-2010, 80 countries and 8 territories reported surveillance data. MDR-TB among new and previously treated cases was highest in the Russian Federation (Murmansk oblast, 28.9%) and the Republic of Moldova (65.1%), respectively. In three former Soviet Union countries and South Africa, more than 10% of the cases of MDR-TB were extensively drug-resistant. Globally, in 1994 to 2010 multidrug resistance was observed in 3.4% (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.9-5.0) of all new TB cases and in 19.8% (95% CI: 14.4-25.1) of previously treated TB cases. No overall associations between MDR-TB and HIV infection (odds ratio, OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 0.7-3.0) or sex (OR: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.8-1.4) were found. Between 1994 and 2010, MDR-TB rates in the general population increased in Botswana, Peru, the Republic of Korea and declined in Estonia, Latvia and the United States of America. CONCLUSION: The highest global rates of MDR-TB ever reported were documented in 2009 and 2010. Trends in MDR-TB are still unclear in most settings. Better surveillance or survey data are required, especially from Africa and India.
OBJECTIVE: To present a global update of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and explore trends in 1994-2010. METHODS: Data on drug resistance among new and previously treated TB patients, as reported by countries to the World Health Organization, were analysed. Such data are collected through surveys of a representative sample of TB patients or surveillance systems based on routine drug susceptibility testing. Associations between multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and sex were explored through logistic regression. FINDINGS: In 2007-2010, 80 countries and 8 territories reported surveillance data. MDR-TB among new and previously treated cases was highest in the Russian Federation (Murmansk oblast, 28.9%) and the Republic of Moldova (65.1%), respectively. In three former Soviet Union countries and South Africa, more than 10% of the cases of MDR-TB were extensively drug-resistant. Globally, in 1994 to 2010 multidrug resistance was observed in 3.4% (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.9-5.0) of all new TB cases and in 19.8% (95% CI: 14.4-25.1) of previously treated TB cases. No overall associations between MDR-TB and HIV infection (odds ratio, OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 0.7-3.0) or sex (OR: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.8-1.4) were found. Between 1994 and 2010, MDR-TB rates in the general population increased in Botswana, Peru, the Republic of Korea and declined in Estonia, Latvia and the United States of America. CONCLUSION: The highest global rates of MDR-TB ever reported were documented in 2009 and 2010. Trends in MDR-TB are still unclear in most settings. Better surveillance or survey data are required, especially from Africa and India.
Authors: Marinus Barnard; Heidi Albert; Gerrit Coetzee; Richard O'Brien; Marlein E Bosman Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2008-01-17 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: L Rigouts; A S Hoza; P De Rijk; G Torrea; T M Chonde; D Basra; M Zignol; F van Leth; S M Egwaga; A Van Deun Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis Date: 2011-07 Impact factor: 2.373
Authors: Catharina C Boehme; Pamela Nabeta; Doris Hillemann; Mark P Nicol; Shubhada Shenai; Fiorella Krapp; Jenny Allen; Rasim Tahirli; Robert Blakemore; Roxana Rustomjee; Ana Milovic; Martin Jones; Sean M O'Brien; David H Persing; Sabine Ruesch-Gerdes; Eduardo Gotuzzo; Camilla Rodrigues; David Alland; Mark D Perkins Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2010-09-01 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Abigail Wright; Matteo Zignol; Armand Van Deun; Dennis Falzon; Sabine Ruesch Gerdes; Knut Feldman; Sven Hoffner; Francis Drobniewski; Lucia Barrera; Dick van Soolingen; Fadila Boulabhal; C N Paramasivan; Kai Man Kam; Satoshi Mitarai; Paul Nunn; Mario Raviglione Journal: Lancet Date: 2009-04-15 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Charles D Wells; J Peter Cegielski; Lisa J Nelson; Kayla F Laserson; Timothy H Holtz; Alyssa Finlay; Kenneth G Castro; Karin Weyer Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2007-08-15 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Gwenan M Knight; Caroline Colijn; Sourya Shrestha; Mariam Fofana; Frank Cobelens; Richard G White; David W Dowdy; Ted Cohen Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2015-10-15 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Deus Lukoye; Fred A Katabazi; Kenneth Musisi; David P Kateete; Benon B Asiimwe; Moses Okee; Moses L Joloba; Frank G J Cobelens Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2014-04-28 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: José Francisco García-Rodríguez; N Valcarce-Pardeiro; H Álvarez-Díaz; A Mariño-Callejo Journal: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Date: 2019-08-03 Impact factor: 3.267