BACKGROUND: This article aims to study whether higher proportions of the long chain n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the phospholipid fraction of serum samples in pregnancy were associated with a lower risk of childhood onset type 1 diabetes in the offspring. METHODS: In a prospective cohort of nearly 30 000 pregnant women who gave birth in Norway during 1992-1994, we analysed serum samples from 89 women whose child developed type 1 diabetes and was included in the nationwide Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry and 125 randomly selected women whose child did not develop type 1 diabetes before 15 years of age. Specific fatty acids were expressed as the proportion of total fatty acids (g/100 g) in the phospholipid fraction in serum analysed using solid phase extraction and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. RESULTS: There was no significant association between EPA or DHA in maternal serum and risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring. Odds ratio (OR) for upper versus lower quartile of EPA was 0.75 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-1.65], test for trend p = 0.4, and for DHA OR = 0.71 (95% CI 0.33-1.53), test for trend p = 0.6. No significant association was found for the sum of n-3 fatty acids, or for n-6/n-3 ratio in the mother with risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring. CONCLUSIONS: Our data did not support the hypothesis that higher proportions of maternal EPA or DHA during pregnancy are associated with a lower risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: This article aims to study whether higher proportions of the long chain n-3 fatty acidseicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the phospholipid fraction of serum samples in pregnancy were associated with a lower risk of childhood onset type 1 diabetes in the offspring. METHODS: In a prospective cohort of nearly 30 000 pregnant women who gave birth in Norway during 1992-1994, we analysed serum samples from 89 women whose child developed type 1 diabetes and was included in the nationwide Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry and 125 randomly selected women whose child did not develop type 1 diabetes before 15 years of age. Specific fatty acids were expressed as the proportion of total fatty acids (g/100 g) in the phospholipid fraction in serum analysed using solid phase extraction and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. RESULTS: There was no significant association between EPA or DHA in maternal serum and risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring. Odds ratio (OR) for upper versus lower quartile of EPA was 0.75 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-1.65], test for trend p = 0.4, and for DHA OR = 0.71 (95% CI 0.33-1.53), test for trend p = 0.6. No significant association was found for the sum of n-3 fatty acids, or for n-6/n-3 ratio in the mother with risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring. CONCLUSIONS: Our data did not support the hypothesis that higher proportions of maternal EPA or DHA during pregnancy are associated with a lower risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring.
Authors: Sari Niinistö; Hanna-Mari Takkinen; Iris Erlund; Suvi Ahonen; Jorma Toppari; Jorma Ilonen; Riitta Veijola; Mikael Knip; Outi Vaarala; Suvi M Virtanen Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2017-05-04 Impact factor: 10.122