PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are any significant changes in the diameter and the area of the internal jugular vein (IJV) during the hemorrhagic shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy volunteers donating blood were included in the study. Arterial blood pressure, pulse rate, anteroposterior (AP) and transverse diameter, and area measurements of the IJV during inspiration and expiration were performed on the volunteers before and after 450 mL of blood donation. RESULTS: A total of 35 volunteers were enrolled in the study. The IJV prehemorrhagic AP diameters during inspiration and expiration were 4.9 ± 2.2 and 7.9 ± 3.1 mm, and the posthemorrhagic values were 2.7 ± 1.6 and 6.6 ± 3.1 mm (respectively, P < .001 and P = .007). The jugular index-AP was 36% ± 15% before hemorrhage and 58% ± 17% after hemorrhage (P < .001). The IJV areas during inspiration and expiration were 0.40 ± 0.28 and 0.81 ± 0.51 cm(2) before hemorrhage and were 0.14 ± 0.15 and 0.61 ± 0.47 cm(2) after hemorrhage (for both, P < .001). The jugular index-area was found as 47% ± 18% before hemorrhage and as 73% ± 18% after hemorrhage (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: We believe that measurement of the IJV and the jugular index is a reliable indicator of class 1 hemorrhagic shock. It may be used as a part of focused abdominal sonography for trauma in clinical practice.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are any significant changes in the diameter and the area of the internal jugular vein (IJV) during the hemorrhagic shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy volunteers donating blood were included in the study. Arterial blood pressure, pulse rate, anteroposterior (AP) and transverse diameter, and area measurements of the IJV during inspiration and expiration were performed on the volunteers before and after 450 mL of blood donation. RESULTS: A total of 35 volunteers were enrolled in the study. The IJV prehemorrhagic AP diameters during inspiration and expiration were 4.9 ± 2.2 and 7.9 ± 3.1 mm, and the posthemorrhagic values were 2.7 ± 1.6 and 6.6 ± 3.1 mm (respectively, P < .001 and P = .007). The jugular index-AP was 36% ± 15% before hemorrhage and 58% ± 17% after hemorrhage (P < .001). The IJV areas during inspiration and expiration were 0.40 ± 0.28 and 0.81 ± 0.51 cm(2) before hemorrhage and were 0.14 ± 0.15 and 0.61 ± 0.47 cm(2) after hemorrhage (for both, P < .001). The jugular index-area was found as 47% ± 18% before hemorrhage and as 73% ± 18% after hemorrhage (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: We believe that measurement of the IJV and the jugular index is a reliable indicator of class 1 hemorrhagic shock. It may be used as a part of focused abdominal sonography for trauma in clinical practice.
Authors: Brian P Lucas; Antonietta D'Addio; Jennifer Clark; Clay Block; Harold Manning; Brian Remillard; J C Leiter Journal: J Clin Ultrasound Date: 2017-05-08 Impact factor: 0.910
Authors: Haitham Mohammed Jassim; Vamanjore A Naushad; Mohamad Yahya Khatib; Prem Chandra; Mohammed Milad Abuhmaira; Sunil Hassan Koya; Mostafa Sayed Ahmed Ellitthy Journal: Open Access Emerg Med Date: 2019-04-03