Sonographically guided intrasheath percutaneous release of the first annular pulley for trigger digits, part 1: clinical efficacy and safety.

OBJECTIVES: For trigger digits, intrasheath sonographically guided first annular (A1) pulley release has shown safety and effectiveness in cadavers. This clinical study describes sonographically guided A1 pulley release results in terms of resolution of symptoms, safety, and functional recovery.
METHODS: Sonographically guided A1 pulley release (11-MHz probe) was used in 48 digits of 48 patients prospectively followed for 11.3 months and examined 1, 3, and 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and 1 year later. Resolution of triggering (primary variable of interest) was expressed as the "success rate" per digit. The time for taking postoperative pain killers, range of motion recovery, grip strength, QuickDASH test scores, return to normal activities (including work), cosmetic results, satisfaction, and complications were assessed.
RESULTS: The success rate was 100%, and no cases recurred. Mean times were 1.9 days for taking pain killers, 6.6 days for returning to normal activities, and 9.9 and 3.8 days for complete extension and flexion recovery, respectively. Mean QuickDASH scores were 39.8 preoperatively and 7.8, 1.7, and 0 after 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Grip strength reached greater than 90% of the individual's normal strength by the sixth week in men and by the third month in women (P < .001). Radial digital nerve numbness developed in 1 finger, which disappeared by the third week. No other complications were noted. All wounds were cosmetically excellent, and final satisfaction was excellent or good in 98%.
CONCLUSIONS: With adequate anatomic knowledge, technical training, and a basic ultrasound machine, sonographically guided A1 pulley release can be performed safely and successfully, offering an alternative to classic open surgery in the ambulatory setting.