Characterization and applications of lymphocytic clonal growth factor in human plasma.

Human plasma was found to contain a macromolecular protein which can grow even a single cell of human lymphocytic cell lines (B-lymphoblastoid cell line HO-323-3 and T-lymphoblastoid cell line CCRF-CEM) and human-human hybridoma clones (SH-9, SU-1 and HB4C5) in a dish, but it has no effect on the growth of epithelial cell lines (lung cancer cell lines PC-8, QG-56 and QG-90). The proliferating activity for lymphocytic cell lines was gradually decreased at 4 or -20°C and dramatically decreased by heating at more than 60°C for 15 min. From human plasma, active fractions were purified by a successive application of Ca(2+) treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-5PW column chromatography (FPLC) at pH 7.6. These active fractions were divided into at least three proteins by DEAE-5PW chromatography at pH 8.5 and chromatofocusing. These purified factors, named lymphocytic clonal growth factors (LCGFs), had similar molecular weights of about 600 K and each factor consisted of a 180 K and two 210 K subunits associated with hydrogen bondings. By the addition of 5 μg/ml of each factor into culture media, incidences of human-human hybridomas and cloning efficiencies of the hybridomas increased several-fold.