OBJECTIVES: Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, its aetiology remains mostly unknown. A potential pathophysiological mechanism for AD arises from the knowledge that insulin is also synthesized independently in the central nervous system and is involved in the regulation of memory formation. AD may represent a brain-specific form of insulin resistance. METHODS: We used immunohistochemistry to investigate the numbers of cells expressing insulin receptor β-subunit (IRβ) and phosphorylated PPARγ (PPARγ(p)) in human post-mortem tissue from patients with AD; AD combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); just T2DM , and from aged-matched controls. These numbers were evaluated in frontal cortex and in dorsal/ventral parts of the hippocampus. RESULTS: We observed significantly lower numbers of IRβ positive cells in AD cases compared to all other groups in all investigated brain regions. Also significantly more PPARγ(p) positive cells occurred in each patient group compared to control. CONCLUSIONS: T2DM and AD may not be directly linked, but may share common histological features including lower numbers of IRβ positive cells and higher numbers of PPARγ(p) positive cells in all investigated brain regions. These observations may at least partially explain the increased frequency of AD in elderly diabetic patients.
OBJECTIVES: Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, its aetiology remains mostly unknown. A potential pathophysiological mechanism for AD arises from the knowledge that insulin is also synthesized independently in the central nervous system and is involved in the regulation of memory formation. AD may represent a brain-specific form of insulin resistance. METHODS: We used immunohistochemistry to investigate the numbers of cells expressing insulin receptor β-subunit (IRβ) and phosphorylated PPARγ (PPARγ(p)) in human post-mortem tissue from patients with AD; AD combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); just T2DM , and from aged-matched controls. These numbers were evaluated in frontal cortex and in dorsal/ventral parts of the hippocampus. RESULTS: We observed significantly lower numbers of IRβ positive cells in AD cases compared to all other groups in all investigated brain regions. Also significantly more PPARγ(p) positive cells occurred in each patient group compared to control. CONCLUSIONS: T2DM and AD may not be directly linked, but may share common histological features including lower numbers of IRβ positive cells and higher numbers of PPARγ(p) positive cells in all investigated brain regions. These observations may at least partially explain the increased frequency of AD in elderly diabeticpatients.
Authors: S Strobel; E Grünblatt; P Riederer; H Heinsen; T Arzberger; S Al-Sarraj; C Troakes; I Ferrer; Camelia Maria Monoranu Journal: J Neural Transm (Vienna) Date: 2015-01-18 Impact factor: 3.575
Authors: Peter Riederer; Amos D Korczyn; Sameh S Ali; Ovidiu Bajenaru; Mun Seong Choi; Michael Chopp; Vesna Dermanovic-Dobrota; Edna Grünblatt; Kurt A Jellinger; Mohammad Amjad Kamal; Warda Kamal; Jerzy Leszek; Tanja Maria Sheldrick-Michel; Gohar Mushtaq; Bernard Meglic; Rachel Natovich; Zvezdan Pirtosek; Martin Rakusa; Melita Salkovic-Petrisic; Reinhold Schmidt; Angelika Schmitt; G Ramachandra Sridhar; László Vécsei; Zyta Beata Wojszel; Hakan Yaman; Zheng G Zhang; Tali Cukierman-Yaffe Journal: J Neural Transm (Vienna) Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 3.575
Authors: Peter Karczewski; Andreas Pohlmann; Babette Wagenhaus; Natali Wisbrun; Petra Hempel; Bernd Lemke; Rudolf Kunze; Thoralf Niendorf; Marion Bimmler Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-07-30 Impact factor: 3.240