Paul T Williams1. 1. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ptwilliams@lbl.gov
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To identify high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions associated with longevity in men. DESIGN: Fifty-three-year prospective follow-up of Gofman's Livermore Cohort between 1954 and 2008. SETTING: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand one hundred forty-four men who consented to the study, had analytic ultracentrifuge measurements of lipoprotein subfractions at baseline, and were old enough at baseline to have survived to age 85 during follow-up. MEASUREMENTS: Survival was determined according to participant contact, Social Security Death Index, and National Death Index. RESULTS: Three hundred ninety men survived to 85 years old (34.1%). Survivors were less likely than nonsurvivors to be in the lowest HDL3 (% (standard error) 18.5% (2.0%) vs 27.3% (1.6%), P < .001) and HDL2 (22.1% (2.1%) vs 27.7% (1.6%), P = .04) quartiles. Logistic regression analyses showed that the lowest HDL3 quartile significantly predicted shorter longevity (P = .002), whereas the linear increases per mg/dL of HDL3 did not (P = .38), suggesting a risk threshold proximal to the 25th percentile. Men who were above the 25th HDL3 percentile had 70% greater odds of surviving until age 85 than those below this level, which persisted when adjusted for HDL2, very low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and standard risk factors. Proportional hazard analyses of survival before age 85 showed that being in the lowest HDL3 quartile increased age-adjusted cancer risk by 39% (P = .05) and noncancer risk by 23% (P = .04) when adjusted for other risk factors. Survivors also smoked less (mean ± SD 0.31 ± 0.48 vs 0.57 ± 0.56 packs/d, P < .001), had lower systolic (118.36 ± 11.08 vs 122.81 ± 13.55 mmHg, P < .001) and diastolic (70.61 ± 8.59 vs 73.14 ± 9.22 mmHg, P < .001) blood pressures and lower LDL mass (359.55 ± 80.42 vs 374.37 ± 86.10 mg/dL, P = .009) and total cholesterol concentrations (229.51 ± 43.21 vs 235.89 ± 45.40 mg/dL, P = .04) than nonsurvivors. CONCLUSION: Low HDL3 reduces the odds of extended survival in men, independent of HDL2, other lipoproteins, and standard risk factors.
OBJECTIVES: To identify high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions associated with longevity in men. DESIGN: Fifty-three-year prospective follow-up of Gofman's Livermore Cohort between 1954 and 2008. SETTING: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand one hundred forty-four men who consented to the study, had analytic ultracentrifuge measurements of lipoprotein subfractions at baseline, and were old enough at baseline to have survived to age 85 during follow-up. MEASUREMENTS: Survival was determined according to participant contact, Social Security Death Index, and National Death Index. RESULTS: Three hundred ninety men survived to 85 years old (34.1%). Survivors were less likely than nonsurvivors to be in the lowest HDL3 (% (standard error) 18.5% (2.0%) vs 27.3% (1.6%), P < .001) and HDL2 (22.1% (2.1%) vs 27.7% (1.6%), P = .04) quartiles. Logistic regression analyses showed that the lowest HDL3 quartile significantly predicted shorter longevity (P = .002), whereas the linear increases per mg/dL of HDL3 did not (P = .38), suggesting a risk threshold proximal to the 25th percentile. Men who were above the 25th HDL3 percentile had 70% greater odds of surviving until age 85 than those below this level, which persisted when adjusted for HDL2, very low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and standard risk factors. Proportional hazard analyses of survival before age 85 showed that being in the lowest HDL3 quartile increased age-adjusted cancer risk by 39% (P = .05) and noncancer risk by 23% (P = .04) when adjusted for other risk factors. Survivors also smoked less (mean ± SD 0.31 ± 0.48 vs 0.57 ± 0.56 packs/d, P < .001), had lower systolic (118.36 ± 11.08 vs 122.81 ± 13.55 mmHg, P < .001) and diastolic (70.61 ± 8.59 vs 73.14 ± 9.22 mmHg, P < .001) blood pressures and lower LDL mass (359.55 ± 80.42 vs 374.37 ± 86.10 mg/dL, P = .009) and total cholesterol concentrations (229.51 ± 43.21 vs 235.89 ± 45.40 mg/dL, P = .04) than nonsurvivors. CONCLUSION: Low HDL3 reduces the odds of extended survival in men, independent of HDL2, other lipoproteins, and standard risk factors.
Authors: Seth S Martin; Arif A Khokhar; Heidi T May; Krishnaji R Kulkarni; Michael J Blaha; Parag H Joshi; Peter P Toth; Joseph B Muhlestein; Jeffrey L Anderson; Stacey Knight; Yan Li; John A Spertus; Steven R Jones Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 2014-06-30 Impact factor: 29.983
Authors: Eduard Tiozzo; Hannah Gardener; Barry I Hudson; Chuanhui Dong; David Della-Morte; Milita Crisby; Ronald B Goldberg; Mitchell S V Elkind; Ying Kuen Cheung; Clinton B Wright; Ralph L Sacco; Moise Desvarieux; Tatjana Rundek Journal: Stroke Date: 2016-05-10 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Eduard Tiozzo; Hannah Gardener; Barry I Hudson; Chuanhui Dong; David Della-Morte; Milita Crisby; Ronald B Goldberg; Mitchell S V Elkind; Ying Kuen Cheung; Clinton B Wright; Ralph L Sacco; Tatjana Rundek Journal: Atherosclerosis Date: 2014-09-09 Impact factor: 5.162
Authors: Marios K Georgakis; Rainer Malik; Christopher D Anderson; Klaus G Parhofer; Jemma C Hopewell; Martin Dichgans Journal: Brain Date: 2020-02-01 Impact factor: 13.501