Down-stream components of cytokinin signaling and the role of cytokinin throughout the plant.

Cytokinins constitute a class of plant hormones influencing numerous aspects of growth and development. These processes occur through the downstream components of the cytokinin signaling pathway after its perception and signal transduction. The importance of these downstream signaling components has been revealed through the use of both traditional genetic and advanced molecular approaches studying mutants and transgenic lines involving cytokinin and diverse plant growth and developmental processes. Interestingly, these effects are not always directly via cytokinin, but by interactions with other plants hormones or transcription factor cascades, which can involve regulatory loops that affect transcription as well as hormone concentrations. This review covers recent advancements in understanding the role of cytokinin via its signaling components, specifically the downstream responses regulators in controlling vital plant growth and developmental processes.