BACKGROUND: We found previously that increases in plasma levels of protein-conjugated acrolein and polyamine oxidases, enzymes that produce acrolein, are good biomarkers for stroke. The aim of this study was to test whether 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA), an acrolein-glutathione metabolite, was increased in the urine of stroke patients. METHODS: The level of 3-HPMA in urine was measured by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Stroke (78 subjects) was divided into 52 cerebral infarction (CI) and 26 cerebral hemorrhage (CH) on the basis of clinical information including brain imaging. RESULTS: A major acrolein derivative in urine is 3-HPMA. Being different from the results of PC-Acro in plasma, 3-HPMA in urine decreased following stroke. The median value of μmol 3-HPMA/g creatinine (Cre) for 90 control subjects was 2.83, while that for 78 stroke patients was 1.56. The degree of the decrease in 3-HPMA was similar in both CI and CH patients. Furthermore, the median value of μmol 3-HPMA/g Cre in 56 patients with lesions ≥ 1cm in diameter (1.39) was significantly lower than that in 20 patients with lesion <1cm in diameter (2.16). CONCLUSION: Inverse correlation between stroke and urinary 3-HPMA was observed. The results suggest that stroke is aggravated when nervous system tissues have a reduced level of glutathione. Copyright Â
BACKGROUND: We found previously that increases in plasma levels of protein-conjugated acrolein and polyamine oxidases, enzymes that produce acrolein, are good biomarkers for stroke. The aim of this study was to test whether 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA), an acrolein-glutathione metabolite, was increased in the urine of strokepatients. METHODS: The level of 3-HPMA in urine was measured by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Stroke (78 subjects) was divided into 52 cerebral infarction (CI) and 26 cerebral hemorrhage (CH) on the basis of clinical information including brain imaging. RESULTS: A major acrolein derivative in urine is 3-HPMA. Being different from the results of PC-Acro in plasma, 3-HPMA in urine decreased following stroke. The median value of μmol 3-HPMA/g creatinine (Cre) for 90 control subjects was 2.83, while that for 78 strokepatients was 1.56. The degree of the decrease in 3-HPMA was similar in both CI and CH patients. Furthermore, the median value of μmol 3-HPMA/g Cre in 56 patients with lesions ≥ 1cm in diameter (1.39) was significantly lower than that in 20 patients with lesion <1cm in diameter (2.16). CONCLUSION: Inverse correlation between stroke and urinary 3-HPMA was observed. The results suggest that stroke is aggravated when nervous system tissues have a reduced level of glutathione. Copyright Â
Authors: Steven G Carmella; Menglan Chen; Adam Zarth; Stephen S Hecht Journal: J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci Date: 2013-07-15 Impact factor: 3.205
Authors: Channa Keshava; J Allen Davis; John Stanek; Kristina A Thayer; Audrey Galizia; Nagalakshmi Keshava; Jeff Gift; Suryanarayana V Vulimiri; George Woodall; Carolyn Gigot; Kelly Garcia; Andrew Greenhalgh; Brittany Schulz; Savannah Volkoff; Krisa Camargo; Amanda S Persad Journal: Environ Int Date: 2020-07-20 Impact factor: 9.621
Authors: Jessica Tyrrell; Tamara S Galloway; Ghada Abo-Zaid; David Melzer; Michael H Depledge; Nicholas J Osborne Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-11-11 Impact factor: 3.240