OBJECTIVE: The aim of this 1-year follow-up study was to compare functional outcome as well as clinical differences between patients with first- and multiple-episode bipolar disorder. METHOD: Bipolar disorder patients with first (n = 60) and multiple episodes (n = 59) were recruited from two hospitals in Spain. The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) was used to assess functioning. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were administered to assess mood symptoms. RESULTS: As expected, patients with first episode experienced a greater functioning compared to patients with multiple episodes (11.26 ± 10.94 vs. 26.91 ± 13.96; t = 6.436, P < 0.001). There were significant demographic and clinical differences between both groups. Baseline depressive symptoms (F = 9.553, df = 4, 102; P < 0.001) and age (F = 14.145, df = 4, 103; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with poor functional recovery at 6-month and 12-month assessment, respectively, in a group of patients with multiple episodes. CONCLUSION: Our data give support to the model of staging in bipolar disorder, showing that the enduring neurotoxicity of repeated episodes may contribute to sustained impairment in multiple areas of psychosocial functioning.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this 1-year follow-up study was to compare functional outcome as well as clinical differences between patients with first- and multiple-episode bipolar disorder. METHOD:Bipolar disorderpatients with first (n = 60) and multiple episodes (n = 59) were recruited from two hospitals in Spain. The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) was used to assess functioning. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were administered to assess mood symptoms. RESULTS: As expected, patients with first episode experienced a greater functioning compared to patients with multiple episodes (11.26 ± 10.94 vs. 26.91 ± 13.96; t = 6.436, P < 0.001). There were significant demographic and clinical differences between both groups. Baseline depressive symptoms (F = 9.553, df = 4, 102; P < 0.001) and age (F = 14.145, df = 4, 103; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with poor functional recovery at 6-month and 12-month assessment, respectively, in a group of patients with multiple episodes. CONCLUSION: Our data give support to the model of staging in bipolar disorder, showing that the enduring neurotoxicity of repeated episodes may contribute to sustained impairment in multiple areas of psychosocial functioning.
Authors: Giselli Scaini; Tatiana Barichello; Gabriel R Fries; Elizabeth A Kennon; Taylor Andrews; Bobby R Nix; Giovana Zunta-Soares; Samira S Valvassori; Jair C Soares; João Quevedo Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2018-12-11 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: A Peters; L G Sylvia; P V da Silva Magalhães; D J Miklowitz; E Frank; M W Otto; N S Hansen; D D Dougherty; M Berk; A A Nierenberg; T Deckersbach Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2014-04-10 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Lakshmi N Yatham; Sidney H Kennedy; Sagar V Parikh; Ayal Schaffer; David J Bond; Benicio N Frey; Verinder Sharma; Benjamin I Goldstein; Soham Rej; Serge Beaulieu; Martin Alda; Glenda MacQueen; Roumen V Milev; Arun Ravindran; Claire O'Donovan; Diane McIntosh; Raymond W Lam; Gustavo Vazquez; Flavio Kapczinski; Roger S McIntyre; Jan Kozicky; Shigenobu Kanba; Beny Lafer; Trisha Suppes; Joseph R Calabrese; Eduard Vieta; Gin Malhi; Robert M Post; Michael Berk Journal: Bipolar Disord Date: 2018-03-14 Impact factor: 6.744
Authors: Diego Librenza-Garcia; Jee Su Suh; Devon Patrick Watts; Pedro Lemos Ballester; Luciano Minuzzi; Flavio Kapczinski; Benicio N Frey Journal: Curr Top Behav Neurosci Date: 2021
Authors: A Barbato; L Bossini; S Calugi; B D'Avanzo; A Fagiolini; D Koukouna; A Parabiaghi; F Rapisarda; P Rucci; M Vallarino Journal: Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci Date: 2012-09-19 Impact factor: 6.892