CONTEXT: Hypoxia and muscle contraction stimulate glucose transport activity in vitro. Exercise and hypoxia have additive effects on insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetics (T2D). OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of intermittent exercise with and without hypoxia on acute- and moderate-term glucose kinetics and insulin sensitivity in T2D. SETTING: The study was conducted at a university research center. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: Eight male T2D patients completed the following: 1) 60 min of continuous exercise at 90% lactate threshold in hypoxia (HyEx60); 2) intermittent exercise at 120% lactate threshold, separated by periods of passive recovery (5:5 min) in hypoxia [Hy5:5; O₂ ∼ 14.7 (0.2)%]; and 3) intermittent exercise (5:5 min) at 120% lactate threshold in normoxia (O₂ ∼ 20.93%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Glucose appearance and glucose disappearance, using an adapted non-steady-state one-compartment model were measured. Homeostasis models of insulin resistance (HOMA(IR)), fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), and β-cell function were calculated 24 and 48 h after exercise conditions. RESULTS: Glucose disappearance increased from baseline (1.85 mg/kg · min⁻¹) compared with 24 h (2.01 min/kg · min⁻¹) after HyEx60 (P = 0.031). No difference was noted for both Hy5:5 (P = 0.064) and normoxia (P = 0.385). Hy5:5 demonstrated improvements in HOMA(IR) from baseline [d 1, 6.20 (0.40)] when comparisons were made with d 2 [4.83 (0.41)] (P = 0.0013). HOMA(IR) and FIRI improved in the 24 h (HOMA(IR), P = 0.002; FIRI, P = 0.003), remaining reduced 48 h after HyEx60 (HOMA(IR), P = 0.028; and FIRI, P = 0.034). CONCLUSION: HyEx60 offered the greatest improvements in acute and moderate-term glucose control in T2D. Intermittent exercise stimulated glucose disposal and improved post-exercise insulin resistance, which was enhanced when exercise was combined with hypoxia (Hy5:5). The data suggest a use of hypoxic exercise in treatment of T2D.
CONTEXT: Hypoxia and muscle contraction stimulate glucose transport activity in vitro. Exercise and hypoxia have additive effects on insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetics (T2D). OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of intermittent exercise with and without hypoxia on acute- and moderate-term glucose kinetics and insulin sensitivity in T2D. SETTING: The study was conducted at a university research center. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: Eight male T2D patients completed the following: 1) 60 min of continuous exercise at 90% lactate threshold in hypoxia (HyEx60); 2) intermittent exercise at 120% lactate threshold, separated by periods of passive recovery (5:5 min) in hypoxia [Hy5:5; O₂ ∼ 14.7 (0.2)%]; and 3) intermittent exercise (5:5 min) at 120% lactate threshold in normoxia (O₂ ∼ 20.93%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Glucose appearance and glucose disappearance, using an adapted non-steady-state one-compartment model were measured. Homeostasis models of insulin resistance (HOMA(IR)), fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), and β-cell function were calculated 24 and 48 h after exercise conditions. RESULTS:Glucose disappearance increased from baseline (1.85 mg/kg · min⁻¹) compared with 24 h (2.01 min/kg · min⁻¹) after HyEx60 (P = 0.031). No difference was noted for both Hy5:5 (P = 0.064) and normoxia (P = 0.385). Hy5:5 demonstrated improvements in HOMA(IR) from baseline [d 1, 6.20 (0.40)] when comparisons were made with d 2 [4.83 (0.41)] (P = 0.0013). HOMA(IR) and FIRI improved in the 24 h (HOMA(IR), P = 0.002; FIRI, P = 0.003), remaining reduced 48 h after HyEx60 (HOMA(IR), P = 0.028; and FIRI, P = 0.034). CONCLUSION: HyEx60 offered the greatest improvements in acute and moderate-term glucose control in T2D. Intermittent exercise stimulated glucose disposal and improved post-exercise insulin resistance, which was enhanced when exercise was combined with hypoxia (Hy5:5). The data suggest a use of hypoxic exercise in treatment of T2D.
Authors: Tetiana V Serebrovska; Alla G Portnychenko; Tetiana I Drevytska; Vladimir I Portnichenko; Lei Xi; Egor Egorov; Anna V Gavalko; Svitlana Naskalova; Valentina Chizhova; Valeriy B Shatylo Journal: Exp Biol Med (Maywood) Date: 2017-07-31
Authors: Tetiana V Serebrovska; Alla G Portnychenko; Vladimir I Portnichenko; Lei Xi; Egor Egorov; Ivanna Antoniuk-Shcheglova; Svitlana Naskalova; Valeriy B Shatylo Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2019-01-30 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: Catherine H Miele; Alan R Schwartz; Robert H Gilman; Luu Pham; Robert A Wise; Victor G Davila-Roman; Jonathan C Jun; Vsevolod Y Polotsky; J Jaime Miranda; Fabiola Leon-Velarde; William Checkley Journal: High Alt Med Biol Date: 2016-06 Impact factor: 1.981
Authors: Mario Siervo; Heather L Riley; Bernadette O Fernandez; Carl A Leckstrom; Daniel S Martin; Kay Mitchell; Denny Z H Levett; Hugh E Montgomery; Monty G Mythen; Michael P W Grocott; Martin Feelisch Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-04-14 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Virgile Lecoultre; Courtney M Peterson; Jeffrey D Covington; Philip J Ebenezer; Elizabeth A Frost; Jean-Marc Schwarz; Eric Ravussin Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2013-12 Impact factor: 19.112