Plasmonic grating as a nonlinear converter-coupler.

The paper introduces a wavelength converter composed of a metallic finite 2-dimensional particle grating on top of an optical waveguide. The particles sustain plasmonic resonances which will result in the near-field enhancement and therefore, high conversion efficiency. Due to near-field interaction of the grating field with the propagating modes of the waveguide, the generated third harmonic wave is phase-matched to a propagating mode of the waveguide, while the fundamental frequency component is not coupled into the output waveguide of the structure. The performance of this structure is numerically investigated using a full-wave transmission line method for the linear analysis and a three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method for the nonlinear analysis.