High yield bio-butanol production by solvent-producing bacterial microflora.

Highly efficient butanol-producing bacterial microflora were isolated from hydrogen-producing sludge of a sewage treatment plant. Based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis and 16s rDNA comparison, four strains from the butanol-producing microflora were identified as Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum, Clostridium butylicum, Clostridium beijernckii, and Clostridium acetobutylicum. The effects of glucose, FeSO(4) · 7H(2)O and yeast extract concentrations on the butanol production by the mixture culture were investigated on batch mode. The medium composition for bio-butanol production was optimized using the Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum butanol production rate (0.25 ± 0.02 g/L-h) and concentration (12.4 g/L) were obtained under the condition of glucose concentration, 60 g/L; FeSO(4) · 7H(2)O, 0.516 g/L; yeast extract concentration, 5.13 g/L. Addition of 6.0 g/L butyric acid significantly increased the butanol titer to 17.51 ± 0.49 g/L. Pressurized fermentation strategy (employed with a 5L fermentor) further enhanced the butanol concentration to 21.35 g/L, along with a maximum butanol rate of 1.25 g/L-h.