Ozone weekend effect in Santiago, Chile.

The study examined weekday-weekend differences in ozone, NO(x) (NO and NO(2)) and VOC concentrations in Santiago, Chile, from 1999 to 2007. The results provide evidence for the occurrence of an atmospheric phenomenon that produces higher ozone concentrations during weekends despite lower concentrations of ozone precursors. This phenomenon is known as the weekend effect (WE). The overall ozone decrease since the spring of 2004 was a consequence of the implementation of several urban pollution control measures. Although these measures caused a decline in the number of days that exceed the national standard from two-thirds to one-third of summer days, the WE, which became statistically significant beginning in September 2004, could not be eliminated. Furthermore, VOC/NO(x) ratios decreased during the same period (2004), especially in the most industrialized area of Santiago. Similarly, under these regimes, the VOC/NO(x) ratios were higher on Sundays than on weekdays and caused higher ozone concentrations on Sundays.