Hyperhemolysis syndrome complicating pregnancy in homozygous δβ-thalassemia.

Hyperhemolysis syndrome in patients with sickle cell disease who are given compatible blood has been well described in the literature but a similar condition complicating pregnancy in β-thalassemia (β-thal) has not been reported. Pregnancy itself or continuation of blood transfusions can further exacerbate the condition which may become life-threatening. The exact mechanism of hyperhemolysis is not well understood. A bystander hemolysis mechanism has been proposed. Treatment with steroids, immunoglobulins and cyclosporin can be life saving.