Effect of diazepam and fosazepam (a soluble derivative of diazepam) on sleep in man.

The effect of diazepam (5 mg and 10 mg), and fosazepam (60 mg and 80 mg), a soluble derivative of diazepam, on sleep was studied in six healthy adult males using electroencephalography for sleep measures, and analogue scales for subjective assessments of well-being and sleep quality. The effect of diazepam was limited to the night of ingestion, but the effect of fosazepam was carried over to the next night and so modified sleep for about 30 h after ingestion. Effects on total sleep time were limited to the night of ingestion. There were increases with diazepam (10 mg) (P = 0.05), and with fosazepam (60 mg and 80 mg) (P = 0.001). For the night of ingestion sleep onset latencies were shortened, and awakenings were reduced by both drugs. The latency to stage 3 was shortened by fosazepam (60 mg and 80 mg) (P = 0.05). The low and high dose of each drug reduced the duration (min) of stage 0 sleep (P = 0.01), but fosazepam also reduced the duration (min) of stage 1 sleep (P = 0.001), and there was an increase in stage 2 sleep (P = 0.01). With fosazepam there were carry over effects to the next night with reduction of stage 1 sleep (P = 0.05). There were no effects on the duration of stage 3, but there was evidence that stage 4 activity was reduced during the recovery night after ingestion of fosazepam (80 mg). No effects were observed on REM sleep. Subjects reported an improved sense of well-being during the day after ingestion of diazepam and fosazepam, and with fosazepam they reported improved sleep. Correlations were calculated for sleep measures and subjective assessments.