AIMS: To investigate associations between maternal stress and smoking prior to, during and 6 months after the pregnancy. DESIGN: A prospective population-based cohort study. SETTING: Norway. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 71 757 women in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) participating twice during pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. MEASUREMENTS: Respondents' estimates of anxiety and depression, relationship discord and negative life events were measured, along with self-reports of smoking behaviour and demographic variables. Smoking was assessed at gestation weeks 17 and 30 and at 6 months postpartum. FINDINGS: Of the 27.5% women who smoked at conception, 55.8% quit smoking during pregnancy. At 6 months postpartum, 28.9% of quitters had relapsed to smoking. In total, 12.9% of the sample reported smoking during the pregnancy. Adjusted for well-known risk factors, women reporting high levels of anxiety and depression had a decreased likelihood of quitting smoking during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73, 0.88) and an increased likelihood of relapsing after delivery (OR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.44). Both relationship discord (OR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.90) and exposure to negative life events (OR 0.93, 95%: CI 0.90, 0.96) had a negative influence on quitting smoking during pregnancy but had no influence on relapse to smoking postpartum. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal stress and relationship discord may inhibit smoking cessation during pregnancy and promote resumption of smoking after pregnancy in women who have achieved abstinence.
AIMS: To investigate associations between maternal stress and smoking prior to, during and 6 months after the pregnancy. DESIGN: A prospective population-based cohort study. SETTING: Norway. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 71 757 women in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) participating twice during pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. MEASUREMENTS: Respondents' estimates of anxiety and depression, relationship discord and negative life events were measured, along with self-reports of smoking behaviour and demographic variables. Smoking was assessed at gestation weeks 17 and 30 and at 6 months postpartum. FINDINGS: Of the 27.5% women who smoked at conception, 55.8% quit smoking during pregnancy. At 6 months postpartum, 28.9% of quitters had relapsed to smoking. In total, 12.9% of the sample reported smoking during the pregnancy. Adjusted for well-known risk factors, women reporting high levels of anxiety and depression had a decreased likelihood of quitting smoking during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73, 0.88) and an increased likelihood of relapsing after delivery (OR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.44). Both relationship discord (OR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.90) and exposure to negative life events (OR 0.93, 95%: CI 0.90, 0.96) had a negative influence on quitting smoking during pregnancy but had no influence on relapse to smoking postpartum. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal stress and relationship discord may inhibit smoking cessation during pregnancy and promote resumption of smoking after pregnancy in women who have achieved abstinence.
Authors: Kate E Pickett; Paul J Rathouz; Kristen Kasza; Lauren S Wakschlag; Rosalind Wright Journal: Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol Date: 2005-09 Impact factor: 3.980
Authors: Julia Sacher; P Vivien Rekkas; Alan A Wilson; Sylvain Houle; Leslie Romano; Jinous Hamidi; Pablo Rusjan; Ian Fan; Donna E Stewart; Jeffrey H Meyer Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2014-07-30 Impact factor: 7.853