Seon-Tae Kim1, Mi-Kyung Ye, Seung-Heon Shin. 1. Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine and Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Asian sand dust (ASD) contains a variety of chemical and microbiological materials such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and beta-glucan that can cause inflammation. The increase in the atmospheric concentration of ASD has been associated with asthma severity and adverse effects on respiratory function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ASD on the inflammatory process and mucin gene expression in nasal epithelial cells. METHODS: Primary nasal polyp epithelial cells were exposed to ASD for 72 hours, and then the supernatants were collected. To determine the activation of the epithelial cells, IL-6, IL-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were measured. In addition, the potential cytotoxic effects of ASD on the epithelial cells were evaluated. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC8 mRNA expression, in the nasal epithelial cells, was performed. RESULTS: ASD stimulated the production of chemical mediators in a time-dependent manner. The cytokine production was highest at 100 micrograms/mL of ASD. MUC4 and MUC5B mRNA expression was significantly increased at 10 and 50 micrograms/mL of ASD. CONCLUSION: Atomospheric exposure to various chemical species and microbiological materials carrying ASD may affect upper airway inflammation through the production of inflammatory cytokines and mucin.
BACKGROUND: Asian sand dust (ASD) contains a variety of chemical and microbiological materials such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and beta-glucan that can cause inflammation. The increase in the atmospheric concentration of ASD has been associated with asthma severity and adverse effects on respiratory function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ASD on the inflammatory process and mucin gene expression in nasal epithelial cells. METHODS: Primary nasal polyp epithelial cells were exposed to ASD for 72 hours, and then the supernatants were collected. To determine the activation of the epithelial cells, IL-6, IL-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were measured. In addition, the potential cytotoxic effects of ASD on the epithelial cells were evaluated. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC8 mRNA expression, in the nasal epithelial cells, was performed. RESULTS:ASD stimulated the production of chemical mediators in a time-dependent manner. The cytokine production was highest at 100 micrograms/mL of ASD. MUC4 and MUC5B mRNA expression was significantly increased at 10 and 50 micrograms/mL of ASD. CONCLUSION: Atomospheric exposure to various chemical species and microbiological materials carrying ASD may affect upper airway inflammation through the production of inflammatory cytokines and mucin.
Authors: Il Gyu Kang; Youn Hee Ju; Joo Hyun Jung; Kwang Pil Ko; Dae Kyu Oh; Jeong Hee Kim; Dae Hyun Lim; Young Hyo Kim; Tae Young Jang; Seon Tae Kim Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2015-01-13 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Dong Un Lee; Min Jeong Ji; Jung Yun Kang; Sun Young Kyung; Jeong Hee Hong Journal: Korean J Physiol Pharmacol Date: 2017-04-21 Impact factor: 2.016