BACKGROUND: A possible association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hypothyroidism has been suggested. The recognized link between hypothyroidism and elements of the metabolic syndrome may explain this association. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in a cohort of patients with NAFLD and analyze the potential factors associated with hypothyroidism in this patient population. METHODS: Two hundred forty-six patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD attending hepatology clinics at the Cleveland Clinic between October 2006 and June 2009, and 430 age-, gender-, race- and BMI-matched control subjects seen in the general internal medicine clinic were included. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism who were on thyroid replacement therapy were considered to be hypothyroid. RESULTS: Hypothyroidism was more frequent among patients with NAFLD (21% vs. 9.5%; P < 0.01) compared to controls, and was higher in NASH patients than NAFLD patients without NASH (25% vs. 12.8%, P = 0.03). Subjects with hypothyroidism were 2.1 (95% CI 1.1-3.9, P = 0.02) and 3.8 (95% CI 2-6.9, P < 0.001) times more likely to have NAFLD and NASH, respectively. By multivariate analysis, female gender (P < 0.001) and increased BMI (P = 0.03) were associated with hypothyroidism. NAFLD subjects who reported mild alcohol consumption were less likely to have hypothyroidism compared to those who reported complete abstinence (OR 0.37, P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: A higher prevalence of hypothyroidism was demonstrated in patients with NAFLD compared to controls. Among subjects with NALFD, female gender, increased BMI and history of abstinence from alcohol were associated with hypothyroidism. Patients with hypothyroidism were also more likely to have NASH.
BACKGROUND: A possible association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hypothyroidism has been suggested. The recognized link between hypothyroidism and elements of the metabolic syndrome may explain this association. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in a cohort of patients with NAFLD and analyze the potential factors associated with hypothyroidism in this patient population. METHODS: Two hundred forty-six patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD attending hepatology clinics at the Cleveland Clinic between October 2006 and June 2009, and 430 age-, gender-, race- and BMI-matched control subjects seen in the general internal medicine clinic were included. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism who were on thyroid replacement therapy were considered to be hypothyroid. RESULTS:Hypothyroidism was more frequent among patients with NAFLD (21% vs. 9.5%; P < 0.01) compared to controls, and was higher in NASHpatients than NAFLD patients without NASH (25% vs. 12.8%, P = 0.03). Subjects with hypothyroidism were 2.1 (95% CI 1.1-3.9, P = 0.02) and 3.8 (95% CI 2-6.9, P < 0.001) times more likely to have NAFLD and NASH, respectively. By multivariate analysis, female gender (P < 0.001) and increased BMI (P = 0.03) were associated with hypothyroidism. NAFLD subjects who reported mild alcohol consumption were less likely to have hypothyroidism compared to those who reported complete abstinence (OR 0.37, P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: A higher prevalence of hypothyroidism was demonstrated in patients with NAFLD compared to controls. Among subjects with NALFD, female gender, increased BMI and history of abstinence from alcohol were associated with hypothyroidism. Patients with hypothyroidism were also more likely to have NASH.
Authors: T Bjoro; J Holmen; O Krüger; K Midthjell; K Hunstad; T Schreiner; L Sandnes; H Brochmann Journal: Eur J Endocrinol Date: 2000-11 Impact factor: 6.664
Authors: Edward E Cable; Patricia D Finn; Jeffrey W Stebbins; Jinzhao Hou; Bruce R Ito; Paul D van Poelje; David L Linemeyer; Mark D Erion Journal: Hepatology Date: 2009-02 Impact factor: 17.425
Authors: Marina A Michalaki; Apostolos G Vagenakis; Aggeliki S Leonardou; Marianna N Argentou; Ioannis G Habeos; Maria G Makri; Agathoklis I Psyrogiannis; Fotis E Kalfarentzos; Venetsana E Kyriazopoulou Journal: Thyroid Date: 2006-01 Impact factor: 6.568
Authors: Paul Manka; Lars Bechmann; Jan Best; Svenja Sydor; Lee C Claridge; Jason D Coombes; Ali Canbay; Lars Moeller; Guido Gerken; Heiner Wedemeyer; Wing-Kin Syn Journal: Dig Dis Sci Date: 2019-06-03 Impact factor: 3.199
Authors: Giuseppe Ferrandino; Rachel R Kaspari; Olga Spadaro; Andrea Reyna-Neyra; Rachel J Perry; Rebecca Cardone; Richard G Kibbey; Gerald I Shulman; Vishwa Deep Dixit; Nancy Carrasco Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2017-10-10 Impact factor: 11.205