BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) caused approximately 44000 US invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) cases in 2008. Antibiotic nonsusceptibility complicates IPD treatment. Using penicillin susceptibility breakpoints adopted in 2008, we evaluated antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD trends in light of the introductions of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000 and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in 2010. METHODS: IPD cases were defined by isolation of pneumococcus from a normally sterile site in individuals residing in Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) areas during 1998-2008. Pneumococci were serotyped and tested for antibiotic susceptibility using broth microdilution. RESULTS: During 1998-2008, ABCs identified 43198 IPD cases. Penicillin-nonsusceptible strains caused 6%-14% of IPD cases, depending on age. Between 1998-1999 and 2008, penicillin-nonsusceptible IPD rates declined 64% for children aged <5 years (12.1-4.4 cases per 100000), and 45% for adults aged ≥65 (4.8-2.6 cases per 100000). Rates of IPD nonsusceptible to multiple antibiotics mirrored these trends. During 2007-2008, serotypes in PCV13 but not PCV7 caused 78%-97% of penicillin-nonsusceptible IPD, depending on age. CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD rates remain below pre-PCV7 rates for children <5 and adults ≥65 years old. PCV13 vaccines hold promise for further nonsusceptibility reductions.
BACKGROUND:Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) caused approximately 44000 US invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) cases in 2008. Antibiotic nonsusceptibility complicates IPD treatment. Using penicillin susceptibility breakpoints adopted in 2008, we evaluated antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD trends in light of the introductions of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000 and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in 2010. METHODS: IPD cases were defined by isolation of pneumococcus from a normally sterile site in individuals residing in Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) areas during 1998-2008. Pneumococci were serotyped and tested for antibiotic susceptibility using broth microdilution. RESULTS: During 1998-2008, ABCs identified 43198 IPD cases. Penicillin-nonsusceptible strains caused 6%-14% of IPD cases, depending on age. Between 1998-1999 and 2008, penicillin-nonsusceptible IPD rates declined 64% for children aged <5 years (12.1-4.4 cases per 100000), and 45% for adults aged ≥65 (4.8-2.6 cases per 100000). Rates of IPD nonsusceptible to multiple antibiotics mirrored these trends. During 2007-2008, serotypes in PCV13 but not PCV7 caused 78%-97% of penicillin-nonsusceptible IPD, depending on age. CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD rates remain below pre-PCV7 rates for children <5 and adults ≥65 years old. PCV13 vaccines hold promise for further nonsusceptibility reductions.
Authors: Ruth Link-Gelles; Ann Thomas; Ruth Lynfield; Sue Petit; William Schaffner; Lee Harrison; Monica M Farley; Deborah Aragon; Megin Nicols; Pam Daily Kirley; Shelley Zansky; James Jorgensen; Billie Anne Juni; Delois Jackson; Matthew R Moore; Marc Lipsitch Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2013-07-12 Impact factor: 5.226
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Authors: Rodrigo E Mendes; Donald Biek; Ian A Critchley; David J Farrell; Helio S Sader; Ronald N Jones Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2014-05-27 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Derek J Williams; Kathryn M Edwards; Wesley H Self; Yuwei Zhu; Krow Ampofo; Andrew T Pavia; Adam L Hersh; Sandra R Arnold; Jonathan A McCullers; Lauri A Hicks; Anna M Bramley; Seema Jain; Carlos G Grijalva Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2015-07 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Fadi E El-Rami; Ryszard A Zielke; Teodora Wi; Aleksandra E Sikora; Magnus Unemo Journal: Mol Cell Proteomics Date: 2018-10-23 Impact factor: 5.911
Authors: Annabelle de St Maurice; Carlos G Grijalva; Christopher Fonnesbeck; William Schaffner; Natasha B Halasa Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2015-10-12 Impact factor: 7.124