BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cholecystokinin-cholescintigraphy (CCK-CS) provides a physiologic, noninvasive, and quantitative method for assessing gallbladder contraction and calculation of a gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF). At present, it is used most commonly to identify patients with suspected functional gallbladder disorder. However, the methodology of CCK infusion and normal values differ markedly among imaging centers. METHODS: This document represents the consensus opinion of an interdisciplinary panel that gathered to assess the current optimal method for performing CCK-CS in adults, potential uses and limitations of CCK-CS, and questions that require further investigation. RESULTS: The panel recommended the use of a single, standardized, recently described CCK-CS protocol that involves infusion of 0.02 μg/kg of sincalide over 60 minutes with a normal GBEF defined as ≥38%. The panel emphasized the need for a large, multicenter, prospective clinical trial to establish the utility of CCK-CS in the diagnosis of functional gallbladder disease. Although not without controversy regarding its clinical utility, the primary indication for CCK-CS at present is the well-selected patient with suspected functional gallbladder disorder. CONCLUSION: Agreement was reached that the adoption of this standardized protocol is critical to improve how CCK-CS is used to direct patient care and will represent an improvement over the diverse methods currently in use by eliminating the current lack of uniformity and adding both reliability and credibility to the results.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cholecystokinin-cholescintigraphy (CCK-CS) provides a physiologic, noninvasive, and quantitative method for assessing gallbladder contraction and calculation of a gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF). At present, it is used most commonly to identify patients with suspected functional gallbladder disorder. However, the methodology of CCK infusion and normal values differ markedly among imaging centers. METHODS: This document represents the consensus opinion of an interdisciplinary panel that gathered to assess the current optimal method for performing CCK-CS in adults, potential uses and limitations of CCK-CS, and questions that require further investigation. RESULTS: The panel recommended the use of a single, standardized, recently described CCK-CS protocol that involves infusion of 0.02 μg/kg of sincalide over 60 minutes with a normal GBEF defined as ≥38%. The panel emphasized the need for a large, multicenter, prospective clinical trial to establish the utility of CCK-CS in the diagnosis of functional gallbladder disease. Although not without controversy regarding its clinical utility, the primary indication for CCK-CS at present is the well-selected patient with suspected functional gallbladder disorder. CONCLUSION: Agreement was reached that the adoption of this standardized protocol is critical to improve how CCK-CS is used to direct patient care and will represent an improvement over the diverse methods currently in use by eliminating the current lack of uniformity and adding both reliability and credibility to the results.
Authors: Bryan K Richmond; Caresse Grodman; Jerri Walker; Scott Dean; Edward H Tiley; Roland E Hamrick; Kristen Statler; Mary Emmett Journal: J Am Coll Surg Date: 2016-03-11 Impact factor: 6.113
Authors: Aleksander Eiken; Stefan Fuglsang; Markus Eiken; Maria S Svane; Rune E Kuhre; Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen; Svend H Hansen; Samuel A J Trammell; Jens S Svenningsen; Jens F Rehfeld; Kirstine N Bojsen-Møller; Nils B Jørgensen; Jens J Holst; Sten Madsbad; Jan L Madsen; Carsten Dirksen Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2020-04-21 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Robert K Doot; Jacob G Dubroff; Joshua S Scheuermann; Kyle J Labban; Jenny Cai; Chia-Ju Hsieh; Shihong Li; Hsiaoju Lee; Erin K Schubert; Catherine Hou; Regan Sheffer; Alexander Schmitz; Kuiying Xu; Robert H Mach Journal: EJNMMI Phys Date: 2018-10-08