BACKGROUND: The neurobiological basis of increased risk of dementia in stroke patients is unclear, though there are several related pathological changes, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and medial temporal atrophy. Subcortical gray matter structures have also been implicated in dementia resulting from vascular pathology, particularly vascular dementia. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of changes in subcortical gray matter structures to post-stroke dementia (PSD). METHODS: T1- and T2-weighted images and T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images were obtained on a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance (MR) system, in four groups aged over 75 years: post-stroke with dementia (PSD; 8), post-stroke no dementia (PSnoD; 33), Alzheimer's disease (AD; 26) and controls (30). Automated software was used to measure the volume of thalamus, putamen, caudate nucleus, and hippocampus as well as total WMH volume. The number of subcortical lacunes was also counted. RESULTS: The number of caudate lacunes was higher in the PSnoD group, compared with AD (p = 0.029) and controls (p = 0.019). The putamen volume was smaller in the stroke and AD groups, when compared with controls. In the whole stroke group, putamen lacunes were correlated with impairment in memory (Rey test; ρ = -0.365; p = 0.031), while WMH and hippocampal volume both correlated with global dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Our findings implicate a variety of neurobiological substrates of dementia, such as small vessel disease and Alzheimer pathology, which develop after stroke in an old older population, with a contribution from subcortical brain structures.
BACKGROUND: The neurobiological basis of increased risk of dementia in stroke patients is unclear, though there are several related pathological changes, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and medial temporal atrophy. Subcortical gray matter structures have also been implicated in dementia resulting from vascular pathology, particularly vascular dementia. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of changes in subcortical gray matter structures to post-stroke dementia (PSD). METHODS: T1- and T2-weighted images and T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images were obtained on a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance (MR) system, in four groups aged over 75 years: post-stroke with dementia (PSD; 8), post-stroke no dementia (PSnoD; 33), Alzheimer's disease (AD; 26) and controls (30). Automated software was used to measure the volume of thalamus, putamen, caudate nucleus, and hippocampus as well as total WMH volume. The number of subcortical lacunes was also counted. RESULTS: The number of caudate lacunes was higher in the PSnoD group, compared with AD (p = 0.029) and controls (p = 0.019). The putamen volume was smaller in the stroke and AD groups, when compared with controls. In the whole stroke group, putamen lacunes were correlated with impairment in memory (Rey test; ρ = -0.365; p = 0.031), while WMH and hippocampal volume both correlated with global dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Our findings implicate a variety of neurobiological substrates of dementia, such as small vessel disease and Alzheimer pathology, which develop after stroke in an old older population, with a contribution from subcortical brain structures.
Authors: Mohammed A S Abourehab; Ahmed Khames; Samar Genedy; Shahin Mostafa; Mohammad A Khaleel; Mahmoud M Omar; Amani M El Sisi Journal: Pharmaceutics Date: 2021-04-19 Impact factor: 6.321
Authors: Sook-Lei Liew; Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu; Nicolas Schweighofer; Neda Jahanshad; Catherine E Lang; Keith R Lohse; Nerisa Banaj; Giuseppe Barisano; Lee A Baugh; Anup K Bhattacharya; Bavrina Bigjahan; Michael R Borich; Lara A Boyd; Amy Brodtmann; Cathrin M Buetefisch; Winston D Byblow; Jessica M Cassidy; Charalambos C Charalambous; Valentina Ciullo; Adriana B Conforto; Richard C Craddock; Adrienne N Dula; Natalia Egorova; Wuwei Feng; Kelene A Fercho; Chris M Gregory; Colleen A Hanlon; Kathryn S Hayward; Jess A Holguin; Brenton Hordacre; Darryl H Hwang; Steven A Kautz; Mohamed Salah Khlif; Bokkyu Kim; Hosung Kim; Amy Kuceyeski; Bethany Lo; Jingchun Liu; David Lin; Martin Lotze; Bradley J MacIntosh; John L Margetis; Feroze B Mohamed; Jan Egil Nordvik; Matthew A Petoe; Fabrizio Piras; Sharmila Raju; Ander Ramos-Murguialday; Kate P Revill; Pamela Roberts; Andrew D Robertson; Heidi M Schambra; Na Jin Seo; Mark S Shiroishi; Surjo R Soekadar; Gianfranco Spalletta; Cathy M Stinear; Anisha Suri; Wai Kwong Tang; Gregory T Thielman; Vincent N Thijs; Daniela Vecchio; Nick S Ward; Lars T Westlye; Carolee J Winstein; George F Wittenberg; Kristin A Wong; Chunshui Yu; Steven L Wolf; Steven C Cramer; Paul M Thompson Journal: Brain Commun Date: 2021-10-27