| Literature DB >> 22152939 |
Abstract
Asthma concerns more than 10% of 10-year-old children. Despite the similarities between adult and childhood asthma, the pediatric population presents some specific characteristics, notably in relation to exacerbations. Asthma in the newborn infant is a specific entity, the definition of which has recently been officially recognized. In exacerbations, the most important trigger factors are respiratory virus infections, the strain having prognostic importance. The indoor and outdoor environments are risk factors, particularly high levels of atmospheric pollution. Nutrients seem to play a prognostic role through vitamin D or food allergy. Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide and examination of induced sputum may help in diagnosis and adjustment of treatment but these tools are not yet effective as predictive factors in asthma exacerbations. Prevention, early management and continued education of children and their families remain the best methods to improve asthma control.Entities:
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2011 PMID: 22152939 PMCID: PMC7135330 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.03.019
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Mal Respir ISSN: 0761-8425 Impact factor: 0.622
Classification des exacerbations asthmatiques légère, modérée, sévère.
| Exacerbation légère | Exacerbation modérée | Exacerbation sévère | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Signes clinques | Sibilants ± toux | Sibilants ± toux | Sibilants rares |
| Pas de détresse respiratoire ni cyanose | Mise en jeu des muscles respiratoires accessoires | MV ↓ ou absent | |
| Chuchote 3 à 5 mots | Détresse respiratoire franche et cyanose | ||
| Hypotension artérielle | |||
| FR | FR normale | FR ↑ | 2-5 ans : FR > 40/min |
| > 5 ans : FR > 30/min | |||
| Activité | Activité et parole normales | Marche difficile | Activité impossible |
| Chuchote 3 à 5 mots | Troubles de l’élocution | ||
| Réponse aux β2 | Réponse conservée aux β2 | Réponse conservée aux β2 | Faible réponse aux β2 |
| DEP | > 75 % | 50 %–75 % | < 50 % |
| SpO2 | ≥ 95 % | 90 %–95 % | < 90 % |
FR : fréquence respiratoire ; DEP : débit expiratoire de pointe ; SpO2 : saturation pulsée en oxygène.