Cell swelling, co-transport activation and potassium conductance in isolated perfused rabbit kidney proximal tubules.

1. Isolated, perfused rabbit proximal tubules were used to study the effects of activation of the apical membrane sodium co-transporters, and of the effects of osmotically induced cell swelling, upon cell volume, basolateral membrane potential and apparent partial conductance of potassium. 2. Activation of electrogenic apical sodium co-transport caused a depolarization of the basolateral membrane and a reduction of the basolateral apparent potassium transference number. This was followed by a spontaneous partial recovery of potential and increase in apparent potassium transference number. 3. Stimulation of apical sodium co-transport led to a sustained increase in cell volume. 4. A sustained increase in cell volume (of similar magnitude to that seen after activation of apical membrane sodium co-transporters) was also caused by reduction of bath and perfusate osmolality by removal of 89 mmol l-1 mannitol from both lumen and bath solutions. 5. This reduction in bath and perfusate osmolality also led to a basolateral membrane hyperpolarization and an increase in basolateral apparent potassium transference number. 6. These observations support the possibility that some of the partial recovery of basolateral membrane potential (Vb1) during apical sodium co-transport stimulation is due to a cell volume sensitive change in basolateral potassium conductance.