Exaggerated inflammatory response and bony resorption from BMP-2 use in a pediatric forearm nonunion.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indicates that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) products are contraindicated in pediatric patients. However, it acknowledges the off-label use of BMP in difficult cases. Although the relative safety of BMP in children has been reported for lower extremity and spine procedures, little information exists for the safety of BMP used in the pediatric upper extremity. We present a case of a massive inflammatory reaction after use of recombinant human BMP-2 for repair of a symptomatic ulnar nonunion in a child. The case illustrates the potential difficulties of using the dose-dependent properties of BMP in the treatment of pediatric upper extremity nonunions when the dose calculations of BMP for children have not yet been defined.