Maria Laura Mele1, Stefano Federici. 1. ECoNA, Interuniversity Centre for Research on Cognitive Processing in Natural and Artificial Systems, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. marialaura.mele@uniroma1.it
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of the present work is to show a critical review of the international literature on eye-tracking technologies by focusing on those features that characterize them as 'psychotechnologies'. METHOD: A critical literature review was conducted through the main psychology, engineering, and computer sciences databases by following specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 46 matches from 1998 to 2010 were selected for content analysis. Results have been divided into four broad thematic areas. RESULTS: We found that, although there is a growing attention to end-users, most of the studies reviewed in this work are far from being considered as adopting holistic human-computer interaction models that include both individual differences and needs of users. User is often considered only as a measurement object of the functioning of the technological system and not as a real alter-ego of the intrasystemic interaction. CONCLUSION: In order to fully benefit from the communicative functions of gaze, the research on eye-tracking must emphasize user experience. Eye-tracking systems would become an effective assistive technology for integration, adaptation and neutralization of the environmental barrier only when a holistic model can be applied for both design processes and assessment of the functional components of the interaction.
PURPOSE: The aim of the present work is to show a critical review of the international literature on eye-tracking technologies by focusing on those features that characterize them as 'psychotechnologies'. METHOD: A critical literature review was conducted through the main psychology, engineering, and computer sciences databases by following specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 46 matches from 1998 to 2010 were selected for content analysis. Results have been divided into four broad thematic areas. RESULTS: We found that, although there is a growing attention to end-users, most of the studies reviewed in this work are far from being considered as adopting holistic human-computer interaction models that include both individual differences and needs of users. User is often considered only as a measurement object of the functioning of the technological system and not as a real alter-ego of the intrasystemic interaction. CONCLUSION: In order to fully benefit from the communicative functions of gaze, the research on eye-tracking must emphasize user experience. Eye-tracking systems would become an effective assistive technology for integration, adaptation and neutralization of the environmental barrier only when a holistic model can be applied for both design processes and assessment of the functional components of the interaction.
Authors: Alessandra Pedrocchi; Simona Ferrante; Emilia Ambrosini; Marta Gandolla; Claudia Casellato; Thomas Schauer; Christian Klauer; Javier Pascual; Carmen Vidaurre; Margit Gföhler; Werner Reichenfelser; Jakob Karner; Silvestro Micera; Andrea Crema; Franco Molteni; Mauro Rossini; Giovanna Palumbo; Eleonora Guanziroli; Andreas Jedlitschka; Marco Hack; Maria Bulgheroni; Enrico d'Amico; Peter Schenk; Sven Zwicker; Alexander Duschau-Wicke; Justinas Miseikis; Lina Graber; Giancarlo Ferrigno Journal: J Neuroeng Rehabil Date: 2013-07-03 Impact factor: 4.262