Diansan Su1, John Riley, William M Armstead, Renyu Liu. 1. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA. liur@uphs.upenn.ed
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cerebral hypoxia/ischemia during infant congenital heart surgery is not uncommon and may induce devastating neurologic disabilities persistent over the lifespan. Hypoxia/ischemia-induced cerebrovascular dysfunction is thought to be an important contributor to neurological damage. No pharmacological agents have been found to prevent this. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), including extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun-N-terminal kinase, and p38, is thought to contribute to ischemic preconditioning. We investigated whether pretreatment with salvinorin A, the only natural nonopioid κ receptor agonist, could preserve autoregulation of the pial artery via MAPK. METHODS: The response of the pial artery to hypotension and hypercapnia was monitored in piglets equipped with a closed cranial window before and after hypoxia and ischemia in the presence or absence of U0126, an inhibitor for the protein kinase upstream of ERK, sp600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase or sb203580, an inhibitor of p38. Salvinorin A (10 μg/kg IV) was administered 30 minutes before hypoxia/ischemia in salvinorin-treated animals. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected before and 30 minutes after salvinorin A administration for the measurement of MAPK. Data (n = 5) were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Pial artery dilation to hypercapnia and hypotension was blunted after hypoxia/ ischemia but preserved well by pretreatment with salvinorin A. U0126, but not sp600125 or sb203580, abolished the preservative effects of salvinorin A on cerebral vascular autoregulation to hypotension and hypercapnia. The ratio of pERK/ERK in cerebrospinal fluid increased significantly in salvinorin-treated animals, which was inhibited by U0126. CONCLUSIONS: Salvinorin A pretreatment preserves autoregulation of the pial artery to hypotension and hypercapnia after hypoxia/ischemia via ERK in a piglet model.
BACKGROUND:Cerebral hypoxia/ischemia during infant congenital heart surgery is not uncommon and may induce devastating neurologic disabilities persistent over the lifespan. Hypoxia/ischemia-induced cerebrovascular dysfunction is thought to be an important contributor to neurological damage. No pharmacological agents have been found to prevent this. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), including extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun-N-terminal kinase, and p38, is thought to contribute to ischemic preconditioning. We investigated whether pretreatment with salvinorin A, the only natural nonopioid κ receptor agonist, could preserve autoregulation of the pial artery via MAPK. METHODS: The response of the pial artery to hypotension and hypercapnia was monitored in piglets equipped with a closed cranial window before and after hypoxia and ischemia in the presence or absence of U0126, an inhibitor for the protein kinase upstream of ERK, sp600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase or sb203580, an inhibitor of p38. Salvinorin A (10 μg/kg IV) was administered 30 minutes before hypoxia/ischemia in salvinorin-treated animals. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected before and 30 minutes after salvinorin A administration for the measurement of MAPK. Data (n = 5) were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Pial artery dilation to hypercapnia and hypotension was blunted after hypoxia/ ischemia but preserved well by pretreatment with salvinorin A. U0126, but not sp600125 or sb203580, abolished the preservative effects of salvinorin A on cerebral vascular autoregulation to hypotension and hypercapnia. The ratio of pERK/ERK in cerebrospinal fluid increased significantly in salvinorin-treated animals, which was inhibited by U0126. CONCLUSIONS:Salvinorin A pretreatment preserves autoregulation of the pial artery to hypotension and hypercapnia after hypoxia/ischemia via ERK in a piglet model.
Authors: M Gonzalez-Zulueta; A B Feldman; L J Klesse; R G Kalb; J F Dillman; L F Parada; T M Dawson; V L Dawson Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2000-01-04 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: B Liebelt; P Papapetrou; A Ali; M Guo; X Ji; C Peng; R Rogers; A Curry; D Jimenez; Y Ding Journal: Neuroscience Date: 2010-01-18 Impact factor: 3.590
Authors: Jason W Hahn; Shana Jagwani; Eunhae Kim; Victoria R Rendell; Joy He; Lubov A Ezerskiy; Robin Wesselschmidt; Carmine J Coscia; Mariana M Belcheva Journal: J Neurochem Date: 2009-11-06 Impact factor: 5.372
Authors: Jihong Xu; Fang Chen; Shuyan Wang; Nicholas S Akins; Md Imran Hossain; Yi Zhou; Jinxi Huang; Jiafu Ji; Jin Xi; Wenzhen Lin; John Grothusen; Hoang V Le; Renyu Liu Journal: Neurochem Int Date: 2020-04-24 Impact factor: 3.921
Authors: B Simonson; A S Morani; A W M Ewald; L Walker; N Kumar; D Simpson; J H Miller; T E Prisinzano; B M Kivell Journal: Br J Pharmacol Date: 2014-07-01 Impact factor: 8.739