PURPOSE: Individuals with favorable levels of readily measured cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (low risk, LR) experience low long-term rates of CVD mortality and greater longevity. The purpose of the current study was to compare nutrient/food intakes of LR participants with participants not LR in the INTERMAP study. METHODS: Men and women (40-59 years) from 17 population samples in four countries (China, Japan, UK, US) provided four 24-h dietary recalls and two timed 24-h urine collections. LR was defined as meeting all of the following CVD risk criteria: systolic/diastolic blood pressure (BP) ≤ 120/ ≤ 80 mmHg; no drug treatment for high BP, hyperlipidemia, or CVD; non-smoking; BMI <25.0 kg/m(2) (US, UK) or <23.0 kg/m(2) (China, Japan); alcohol consumption <26.0 g/day (men)/<13.0 g/day (women); and no history of diabetes or CVD. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine associations of nutrient/food intakes with LR. RESULTS: LR individuals reported higher intake of vegetable protein, fiber, magnesium, non-heme iron, potassium; lower energy intake; lower intake of cholesterol, saturated fatty acids, animal protein; and lower 24-h urinary sodium compared with individuals not LR. With regard to foods, LR individuals reported higher intake of fruits, vegetables, grains, pasta/rice, fish; lower intakes of meats, processed meats, high-fat dairy, and sugar-sweetened beverages than individuals not LR. CONCLUSIONS: Lower energy intake and differential intake of multiple specific nutrients and foods are characteristic of individuals at low risk for developing CVD. Identification of dietary habits associated with LR is important for further development of public health efforts aimed at reduction/prevention of CVD.
PURPOSE: Individuals with favorable levels of readily measured cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (low risk, LR) experience low long-term rates of CVD mortality and greater longevity. The purpose of the current study was to compare nutrient/food intakes of LR participants with participants not LR in the INTERMAP study. METHODS: Men and women (40-59 years) from 17 population samples in four countries (China, Japan, UK, US) provided four 24-h dietary recalls and two timed 24-h urine collections. LR was defined as meeting all of the following CVD risk criteria: systolic/diastolic blood pressure (BP) ≤ 120/ ≤ 80 mmHg; no drug treatment for high BP, hyperlipidemia, or CVD; non-smoking; BMI <25.0 kg/m(2) (US, UK) or <23.0 kg/m(2) (China, Japan); alcohol consumption <26.0 g/day (men)/<13.0 g/day (women); and no history of diabetes or CVD. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine associations of nutrient/food intakes with LR. RESULTS: LR individuals reported higher intake of vegetable protein, fiber, magnesium, non-heme iron, potassium; lower energy intake; lower intake of cholesterol, saturated fatty acids, animal protein; and lower 24-h urinary sodium compared with individuals not LR. With regard to foods, LR individuals reported higher intake of fruits, vegetables, grains, pasta/rice, fish; lower intakes of meats, processed meats, high-fat dairy, and sugar-sweetened beverages than individuals not LR. CONCLUSIONS: Lower energy intake and differential intake of multiple specific nutrients and foods are characteristic of individuals at low risk for developing CVD. Identification of dietary habits associated with LR is important for further development of public health efforts aimed at reduction/prevention of CVD.
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Authors: Sekar Kathiresan; Cristen J Willer; Gina M Peloso; Serkalem Demissie; Kiran Musunuru; Eric E Schadt; Lee Kaplan; Derrick Bennett; Yun Li; Toshiko Tanaka; Benjamin F Voight; Lori L Bonnycastle; Anne U Jackson; Gabriel Crawford; Aarti Surti; Candace Guiducci; Noel P Burtt; Sarah Parish; Robert Clarke; Diana Zelenika; Kari A Kubalanza; Mario A Morken; Laura J Scott; Heather M Stringham; Pilar Galan; Amy J Swift; Johanna Kuusisto; Richard N Bergman; Jouko Sundvall; Markku Laakso; Luigi Ferrucci; Paul Scheet; Serena Sanna; Manuela Uda; Qiong Yang; Kathryn L Lunetta; Josée Dupuis; Paul I W de Bakker; Christopher J O'Donnell; John C Chambers; Jaspal S Kooner; Serge Hercberg; Pierre Meneton; Edward G Lakatta; Angelo Scuteri; David Schlessinger; Jaakko Tuomilehto; Francis S Collins; Leif Groop; David Altshuler; Rory Collins; G Mark Lathrop; Olle Melander; Veikko Salomaa; Leena Peltonen; Marju Orho-Melander; Jose M Ordovas; Michael Boehnke; Gonçalo R Abecasis; Karen L Mohlke; L Adrienne Cupples Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2008-12-07 Impact factor: 38.330