Evolution of Anelloviridae strains distribution in serial blood and biopsy samples from a renal transplant patient.

A few studies investigated the natural history of viruses belonging to the family Anelloviridae in transplant patient. The case of a 64-year-old kidney transplant recipient is described. Molecular analysis of serial blood samples collected before and after transplant was performed during a period of 510 days. Two kidney biopsies were also analyzed. All blood samples tested positive for Anelloviridae DNA, with the identification of sequences belonging to the three taxonomic genera identified in humans. Sequences distribution during the follow-up was multimodal. A sequence nearly identical to one present in the blood before transplant was further characterized in one biopsy sample.