Dural carotid-cavernous sinus fistula and central retinal vein occlusion: a case report and a review of the literature.

A case of dural carotid-cavernous sinus fistula was complicated by hemorrhagic retinopathy due to central retinal vein occlusion. A 57-year-old woman with a dural carotid-cavernous sinus fistula was initially treated by transarterial particulate embolization. Her symptoms subsequently improved, but 4 months later she gradually developed decreased visual acuity due to central retinal vein occlusion. A review of the literature showed that central retinal vein occlusion may be more common than previously thought. Dural carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas should be treated and followed taking into account possible complication by central retinal vein occlusion. Early detection of central retinal vein occlusion by frequent ophthalmologic examinations may prevent deterioration of visual acuity.