Transepithelial transport of vinblastine by kidney-derived cell lines. Application of a new kinetic model to estimate in situ Km of the pump.

We present a new transport model that may be useful for many kinds of transepithelial transport experiments. The model permits estimation of a pump Km and pump activity solely on the basis of transepithelial tracer fluxes. We apply the model to studies of a multidrug efflux pump, P-glycoprotein, which is normally located in the apical plasma membrane of certain transporting epithelia such as kidney proximal tubule cells. To determine the functional properties of this multidrug transporter in an epithelium, we studied the transepithelial transport of the chemotherapeutic drug, vinblastine, in epithelia formed by the kidney cell lines MDCK, LLC-PK1, and OK. We have previously shown that basal to apical flux of 100 nM vinblastine was about five times higher than apical to basal flux in MDCK epithelia, indicating that there is a net transepithelial transport of vinblastine across MDCK epithelia. Addition of unlabeled vinblastine reduced basal to apical flux of tracer and increased apical to basal flux of tracer in a concentration-dependent manner, a pattern expected if there is a saturable pump that extrudes vinblastine at the apical plasma membrane. The model permits estimation of a pump Km and pump activity solely on the basis of transepithelial tracer fluxes. According to the transport model the apical membrane pump has Michaelis-Menten kinetics with an apparent Km = 1.1 microM. Net basal to apical transport of vinblastine was also observed in LLC-PK1 cells and OK cells which are other kidney-derived cell lines. The order of potency of the transport is LLC-PK1 greater than MDCK greater than OK cells. The organic cation transporter is not involved in this vinblastine transport because vinblastine transport in MDCK cells was not affected by 3 mM tetramethyl- or tetraethylammonium. Inhibitors of vinblastine transport in MDCK cells was not affected by potency, were verapamil greater than vincristine greater than actinomycin D greater than daunomycin. The transport pattern we observed is that predicted to result from the function of the multidrug transporter in the apical plasma membrane.