BACKGROUND: Human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is a newly discovered parvovirus prevalent in injecting drug users and other groups with histories of parenteral exposure including persons with hemophilia exposed to non-virally inactivated clotting factor concentrates. To investigate its potential ongoing transmission to persons with hemophilia treated with plasma-derived, virally inactivated clotting factors, we screened a large cohort of persons with hemophilia for antibody seroconversion to PARV4 over a 5-year observation period. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Samples from 195 persons with hemophilia enrolled in the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study cohort were screened for PARV4 antibodies at the start and end of a 5-year period of treatment with exclusively virally inactivated clotting factor concentrates. Samples collected at intermediate time points from subjects seroconverting over the study period were screened to narrow down the seroconversion time and investigate immunoglobulin (Ig)M responses, duration of acute viremia, and clinical presentations. RESULTS: PARV4 seroprevalence at the outset of the study was 44%. Over the observation period, nine subjects (seven human immunodeficiency virus positive) seroconverted for anti-PARV4 (incidence, 1.7%/year). Infected subjects showed relatively prolonged durations of viremia (mean, 7 months) and weak, transient IgM responses during acute infections. Clotting factors inactivated by solvent/detergent or by wet or dry heat were infectious. The most common clinical presentations were rashes and exacerbation of hepatitis. CONCLUSION: This study identifies PARV4 as a transfusion-transmissible agent that is resistant to viral inactivation. Of concern, infections may still regularly occur in those exposed to plasma-derived blood products. Urgent evaluation of the incidence of PARV4 in treated individuals and disease associations of PARV4 infections is required.
BACKGROUND:Human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is a newly discovered parvovirus prevalent in injecting drug users and other groups with histories of parenteral exposure including persons with hemophilia exposed to non-virally inactivated clotting factor concentrates. To investigate its potential ongoing transmission to persons with hemophilia treated with plasma-derived, virally inactivated clotting factors, we screened a large cohort of persons with hemophilia for antibody seroconversion to PARV4 over a 5-year observation period. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Samples from 195 persons with hemophilia enrolled in the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study cohort were screened for PARV4 antibodies at the start and end of a 5-year period of treatment with exclusively virally inactivated clotting factor concentrates. Samples collected at intermediate time points from subjects seroconverting over the study period were screened to narrow down the seroconversion time and investigate immunoglobulin (Ig)M responses, duration of acute viremia, and clinical presentations. RESULTS: PARV4 seroprevalence at the outset of the study was 44%. Over the observation period, nine subjects (seven human immunodeficiency virus positive) seroconverted for anti-PARV4 (incidence, 1.7%/year). Infected subjects showed relatively prolonged durations of viremia (mean, 7 months) and weak, transient IgM responses during acute infections. Clotting factors inactivated by solvent/detergent or by wet or dry heat were infectious. The most common clinical presentations were rashes and exacerbation of hepatitis. CONCLUSION: This study identifies PARV4 as a transfusion-transmissible agent that is resistant to viral inactivation. Of concern, infections may still regularly occur in those exposed to plasma-derived blood products. Urgent evaluation of the incidence of PARV4 in treated individuals and disease associations of PARV4 infections is required.
Authors: J Michael Soucie; Christine De Staercke; Paul E Monahan; Michael Recht; Meera B Chitlur; Ralph Gruppo; W Craig Hooper; Craig Kessler; Roshni Kulkarni; Marilyn J Manco-Johnson; Jerry Powell; Meredith Pyle; Brenda Riske; Hernan Sabio; Sean Trimble Journal: Transfusion Date: 2012-09-24 Impact factor: 3.157
Authors: Tung G Phan; Nguyen P Vo; Isidore J O Bonkoungou; Amit Kapoor; Nicolas Barro; Miguel O'Ryan; Beatrix Kapusinszky; Chunling Wang; Eric Delwart Journal: J Virol Date: 2012-08-01 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Jan Felix Drexler; Ulrike Reber; Doreen Muth; Petra Herzog; Augustina Annan; Fabian Ebach; Nimarko Sarpong; Samuel Acquah; Julia Adlkofer; Yaw Adu-Sarkodie; Marcus Panning; Egbert Tannich; Jürgen May; Christian Drosten; Anna Maria Eis-Hübinger Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2012-10 Impact factor: 6.883
Authors: Jürgen May; Jan Felix Drexler; Ulrike Reber; Nimarko Sarpong; Ohene Adjei; Marcus Panning; Christian Drosten; Anna Maria Eis-Hübinger Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2012-10 Impact factor: 6.883
Authors: Ruth Simmons; Colin Sharp; Jordana Levine; Paul Bowness; Peter Simmonds; Andrea Cox; Paul Klenerman Journal: J Virol Date: 2013-01-02 Impact factor: 5.103