BACKGROUND: There is limited information on risk factors for pneumonia and pneumonia-related deaths in children who also have diarrhoea. AIM: To identify risk factors for the above in order to improve strategies for case management and to develop appropriate public health messages. METHODS: All children under 5 years of age admitted to the Special Care Ward, Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B) from 1 September to 31 December 2007 were considered for enrollment if they also had diarrhoea. Of the 258 children with diarrhoea enrolled, those with (n=198) or without (n=60) WHO-defined pneumonia constituted the pneumonia and comparison groups, respectively. Among the 198 children with pneumonia, children who survived (n=174) were compared with those who died in hospital (n=24). RESULTS: After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, including low levels of literacy of either parent, low household income, not having a window or exhaust fan in the kitchen, household smoking and over-crowding, children with pneumonia were more likely to sleep on a bare wooden-slatted or bamboo bed (OR 2·7, 95% CI 1·40-5·21, p = 0·003) than on other bedding, and were also more likely to have a parent/care-giver with poor knowledge of pneumonia (OR 1·94, 95% CI 1·02-3·70, p=0·043). Independent risk factors for death include severe underweight (OR 5·2, 95% CI 1·2-22·0, p=0·03), hypoxaemia (OR 17·5, 95% CI I 1·9-160·0, p=0·01), severe sepsis (OR 8·7, 95% CI I 1·8-41·5, p=0·007) and lobar consolidation (OR 11·9, 95% CI 2·3-61·6, p=0·003). CONCLUSIONS: Increased public awareness of signs of pneumonia and severe sepsis in children under 5 is important to mitigate the risks of pneumonia and pneumonia-related deaths, and the importance of appropriate bedding for young children in reducing the risk of pneumonia needs to be addressed.
BACKGROUND: There is limited information on risk factors for pneumonia and pneumonia-related deaths in children who also have diarrhoea. AIM: To identify risk factors for the above in order to improve strategies for case management and to develop appropriate public health messages. METHODS: All children under 5 years of age admitted to the Special Care Ward, Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B) from 1 September to 31 December 2007 were considered for enrollment if they also had diarrhoea. Of the 258 children with diarrhoea enrolled, those with (n=198) or without (n=60) WHO-defined pneumonia constituted the pneumonia and comparison groups, respectively. Among the 198 children with pneumonia, children who survived (n=174) were compared with those who died in hospital (n=24). RESULTS: After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, including low levels of literacy of either parent, low household income, not having a window or exhaust fan in the kitchen, household smoking and over-crowding, children with pneumonia were more likely to sleep on a bare wooden-slatted or bamboo bed (OR 2·7, 95% CI 1·40-5·21, p = 0·003) than on other bedding, and were also more likely to have a parent/care-giver with poor knowledge of pneumonia (OR 1·94, 95% CI 1·02-3·70, p=0·043). Independent risk factors for death include severe underweight (OR 5·2, 95% CI 1·2-22·0, p=0·03), hypoxaemia (OR 17·5, 95% CI I 1·9-160·0, p=0·01), severe sepsis (OR 8·7, 95% CI I 1·8-41·5, p=0·007) and lobar consolidation (OR 11·9, 95% CI 2·3-61·6, p=0·003). CONCLUSIONS: Increased public awareness of signs of pneumonia and severe sepsis in children under 5 is important to mitigate the risks of pneumonia and pneumonia-related deaths, and the importance of appropriate bedding for young children in reducing the risk of pneumonia needs to be addressed.
Authors: Daniel T Leung; Sumon K Das; M A Malek; Firdausi Qadri; A S G Faruque; Mohammod J Chisti; Edward T Ryan Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2015-07-06 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: Mohammod J Chisti; Tahmeed Ahmed; Hasan Ashraf; A S G Faruque; Pradip K Bardhan; Sanjoy Kumer Dey; Sayeeda Huq; Sumon Kumar Das; Mohammed A Salam Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-06-15 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Mohammod Jobayer Chisti; Mohammed Abdus Salam; Hasan Ashraf; Abu S G Faruque; Pradip Kumar Bardhan; Sumon Kumar Das; K M Shahunja; Abu S M S B Shahid; Tahmeed Ahmed Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-08-12 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: K M Shahunja; Daniel T Leung; Tahmeed Ahmed; Pradip Kumar Bardhan; Dilruba Ahmed; Firdausi Qadri; Edward T Ryan; Mohammod Jobayer Chisti Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2015-09-11
Authors: Mohammod Jobayer Chisti; Mohammed Abdus Salam; Pradip Kumar Bardhan; Abu S G Faruque; Abu S M S B Shahid; K M Shahunja; Sumon Kumar Das; Md Iqbal Hossain; Tahmeed Ahmed Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-10-09 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Mohammod Jobayer Chisti; Mohammed Abdus Salam; Pradip Kumar Bardhan; Abu S G Faruque; Abu S M S B Shahid; K M Shahunja; Sumon Kumar Das; Md Iqbal Hossain; Tahmeed Ahmed Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-10-06 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Hasan Ashraf; Nur H Alam; Mohammod Jobayer Chisti; Mohammed Abdus Salam; Tahmeed Ahmed; Niklaus Gyr Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2012-07-27 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Mohammod Jobayer Chisti; Mohammed Abdus Salam; Hasan Ashraf; Abu S G Faruque; Pradip Kumar Bardhan; Md Iqbal Hossain; Abu S M S B Shahid; K M Shahunja; Sumon Kumar Das; Gazi Imran; Tahmeed Ahmed Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-09-09 Impact factor: 3.240