CONTEXT: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of acquired blindness. The involvement of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and kynurenines, the products of tryptophan degradation in various pathological conditions was well documented. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of IDO and levels of tryptophan metabolites in serum samples of DR patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tryptophan and its metabolites, i.e. kynurenine, kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxy kynurenine were measured by HPLC in serum of normal subjects as well as non-proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR) patients. The expression of IDO was measured using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Elevated expression of IDO and levels of kynurenine, kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine were observed in NPDR and a higher expression was observed in PDR. No significant change was noticed in levels of tryptophan. CONCLUSION: An elevation in the concentrations of tryptophan metabolites and IDO expression was evident in diabetic retinopathy patients. The results indicate probable association of IDO and tryptophan metabolites with DR.
CONTEXT: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of acquired blindness. The involvement of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and kynurenines, the products of tryptophan degradation in various pathological conditions was well documented. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of IDO and levels of tryptophan metabolites in serum samples of DR patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Tryptophan and its metabolites, i.e. kynurenine, kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxy kynurenine were measured by HPLC in serum of normal subjects as well as non-proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR) patients. The expression of IDO was measured using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Elevated expression of IDO and levels of kynurenine, kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine were observed in NPDR and a higher expression was observed in PDR. No significant change was noticed in levels of tryptophan. CONCLUSION: An elevation in the concentrations of tryptophan metabolites and IDO expression was evident in diabetic retinopathypatients. The results indicate probable association of IDO and tryptophan metabolites with DR.
Authors: Oana M Deac; James L Mills; Barry Shane; Øivind Midttun; Per M Ueland; John T Brosnan; Margaret E Brosnan; Eamon Laird; Eileen R Gibney; Ruzong Fan; Yifan Wang; Lawrence C Brody; Anne M Molloy Journal: J Nutr Date: 2015-02-18 Impact factor: 4.798