Neuroimaging in craniovertebral anomalies as seen in the tropics.

Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) disorders in the Occident are usually associated with systemic disorders. In contrast, in the Orient, a greater incidence of isolated CVJ anomalies is seen. Although these are developmental anomalies, they manifest late in life, with trauma and/or infection playing a promotive role. The most significant and common of these anomalies are basilar invagination and atlantodental dislocation, which also occur together. Accurate diagnosis of these anomalies is feasible using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Greater awareness of this subset of patients is essential for greater understanding and effective management of these ailments.