Paratuberculosis vaccination.

One vaccine, Mycopar, is licensed for use in US cattle. The vaccine reduces clinical disease and fecal shedding of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). The vaccine is indicated for use in herds with a high MAP infection prevalence or herds with limited resources for implementing paratuberculosis control measures. In heavily infected herds, a combination of vaccination and disease control measures can help protect susceptible young stock while reducing environmental burdens and limiting MAP transmission. There are regulatory restrictions on use of the vaccine and practitioners must consult their state veterinarian for guidance. Vaccines used in other countries have been widely adopted in Johne’s disease control programs for small ruminants.