PROBLEM: Either vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) or CYR61 plays an important role in placental development and may be involved in pre-eclampsia. Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells are the main source of VEGFC in the maternal-fetal interface. However, it is unclear about CYR61 on the regulation of VEGFC secretion in dNK cells. METHOD OF STUDY: Decidual natural killer cells were isolated from decidual tissues of first trimester of pregnancy with anti-human CD56-conjugated microbeads. Integrin αvβ3 was detected using immunofluorescent staining. dNK cells were cultured in the presence of CYR61, anti-human αvβ3 integrin antibody (LM609), PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), or MEK inhibitor (U0126). VEGFC mRNA and protein were evaluated by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: Exogenous CYR61 induced the expression of VEGFC in dNK cells in both mRNA and protein levels. Integrin αvβ3 was strongly expressed on dNK cell surface. Anti-αvβ3 integrin antibody inhibited the effect of CYR61 on VEGFC expression. LY294002, but not U0126, significantly reduced this promotion effect of CYR61 on dNK cells. CONCLUSIONS: The upregulation of VEGFC secretion mainly depends on CYR61 binding with integrin αvβ3 on the surface of dNK cells. PI3K/AKT, rather than the ERK/MAPK signal, is involved in the regulation.
PROBLEM: Either vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) or CYR61 plays an important role in placental development and may be involved in pre-eclampsia. Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells are the main source of VEGFC in the maternal-fetal interface. However, it is unclear about CYR61 on the regulation of VEGFC secretion in dNK cells. METHOD OF STUDY: Decidual natural killer cells were isolated from decidual tissues of first trimester of pregnancy with anti-humanCD56-conjugated microbeads. Integrin αvβ3 was detected using immunofluorescent staining. dNK cells were cultured in the presence of CYR61, anti-human αvβ3 integrin antibody (LM609), PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), or MEK inhibitor (U0126). VEGFC mRNA and protein were evaluated by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: Exogenous CYR61 induced the expression of VEGFC in dNK cells in both mRNA and protein levels. Integrin αvβ3 was strongly expressed on dNK cell surface. Anti-αvβ3 integrin antibody inhibited the effect of CYR61 on VEGFC expression. LY294002, but not U0126, significantly reduced this promotion effect of CYR61 on dNK cells. CONCLUSIONS: The upregulation of VEGFC secretion mainly depends on CYR61 binding with integrin αvβ3 on the surface of dNK cells. PI3K/AKT, rather than the ERK/MAPK signal, is involved in the regulation.