Fundamental issues in the care of homosexual youth.

The development of a homosexual identity spans the entire life cycle, but adolescence is a critical period in the lives of gay and lesbian persons. Various pre- and postnatal biologic and environmental factors are thought to determine sexual orientation early in life. An emerging homosexual identity may be reflected in youths' sexual attractions, fantasies, and cultural affiliations, as well as their behaviors. The adolescent experiences of homosexual persons profoundly affect health outcomes. The goals of care are to promote normal adolescent development, social and emotional well-being, and physical health. Comprehensive and coordinated educational, mental health, social, and medical services are recommended.