Posterior lumbar ring apophysis fracture.

Lumbar posterior ring apophysis fracture (PRAF) is an uncommon cause of low back pain in the pediatric age group, and a detailed understanding of this disease is important for the orthopaedic surgeon because it is easily misdiagnosed. However, to date no comprehensive review of PRAF has been published. The majority of published reports are in the form of cases report generally targeted at either diagnosis or therapy, or both. In this essay, we comprehensively review the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of PRAF.