BACKGROUND: Proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in antiviral immune responses. Large-scale genome studies have found correlations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin (IL) 18 promoter and spontaneous control of hepatitis C virus (HCV), suggesting a role in clearance. METHODS: Plasma IL-18, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and HCV RNA levels were assessed longitudinally in subjects with known dates of HCV acquisition and analyzed according to IL-18 SNPs and outcome, either spontaneous clearance (SC) (n = 13) or persistent infection (PI) (n = 25). RESULTS: No significant change in plasma proinflammatory cytokine expression was observed with the exception of IL-18, which increased in every subject with initial detection of HCV RNA. In every SC subject, IL-18 returned to the preinfection baseline concomitant with HCV control. In PI subjects, IL-18 declined following the acute phase of infection but remained above the preinfection baseline throughout chronic infection and did not correlate with HCV RNA or ALT levels. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma IL-18 was an early and the most reliably detected host response to HCV infection measured in blood. Reduced IL-18 production with transition to chronic infection without correlation with HCV RNA or ALT levels suggests modulation of the innate response with persistent infection.
BACKGROUND: Proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in antiviral immune responses. Large-scale genome studies have found correlations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin (IL) 18 promoter and spontaneous control of hepatitis C virus (HCV), suggesting a role in clearance. METHODS: Plasma IL-18, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and HCV RNA levels were assessed longitudinally in subjects with known dates of HCV acquisition and analyzed according to IL-18 SNPs and outcome, either spontaneous clearance (SC) (n = 13) or persistent infection (PI) (n = 25). RESULTS: No significant change in plasma proinflammatory cytokine expression was observed with the exception of IL-18, which increased in every subject with initial detection of HCV RNA. In every SC subject, IL-18 returned to the preinfection baseline concomitant with HCV control. In PI subjects, IL-18 declined following the acute phase of infection but remained above the preinfection baseline throughout chronic infection and did not correlate with HCV RNA or ALT levels. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma IL-18 was an early and the most reliably detected host response to HCV infection measured in blood. Reduced IL-18 production with transition to chronic infection without correlation with HCV RNA or ALT levels suggests modulation of the innate response with persistent infection.
Authors: Andrea L Cox; Dale M Netski; Timothy Mosbruger; Susan G Sherman; Steffanie Strathdee; Danielle Ompad; David Vlahov; David Chien; Venkatakrishna Shyamala; Stuart C Ray; David L Thomas Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2005-03-03 Impact factor: 9.079
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Authors: Rebecca T Veenhuis; Jacquie Astemborski; Michael A Chattergoon; Paige Greenwood; Marissa Jarosinski; Richard D Moore; Shruti H Mehta; Andrea L Cox Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2016-12-07 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Aaron F Carlin; Paula Aristizabal; Qinghua Song; Huan Wang; Matthew S Paulson; Luisa M Stamm; Robert T Schooley; David L Wyles Journal: Hepatology Date: 2015-08-22 Impact factor: 17.425
Authors: Jennifer C Lin; François Habersetzer; Maribel Rodriguez-Torres; Nezam Afdhal; Eric J Lawitz; Matthew S Paulson; Yanni Zhu; Gangadharan Mani Subramanian; John G McHutchison; Mark Sulkowski; David L Wyles; Robert T Schooley Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2014-06-06 Impact factor: 5.226