BACKGROUND: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a relatively common autoimmune blistering disease in India. Recently, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test against desmoglein1 (Dsg 1) and desmoglein3 (Dsg 3) has been developed, which is found to be highly sensitive and specific. OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of ELISA for monitoring the disease of PV. METHODS: Serum samples from 63 active PV patients were tested for anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 using ELISA. They were tested for anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 reactivity before treatment. The test was performed during remission period and after relapse using commercially available ELISA kit. RESULTS: Both anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 levels were found to be raised in PV patients. Thirty-eight patients went on remission during treatment phase with mean anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 values, 13.18 U/mL and 18.89 U/mL respectively. Difference of baseline from remission was found to be significant (P < 0.001). Of these, 23 patients relapsed either during treatment phase or after stoppage of therapy and their mean anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 titres were 39.49 U/mL and 96.99 U/mL respectively. Difference of remission from relapse was also found to be significant (P < 0.001). The 50 U/mL cut-off for anti-Dsg1 ELISA provided 73.91% sensitivity and 72.5% specificity respectively. The 98.57 U/mL cut-off for anti-Dsg3 provided 82.61% sensitivity and 82.5% specificity respectively. CONCLUSION: ELISA is less time consuming, less expensive and a potential diagnostic test for PV. It is also highly sensitive and specific test for Indian patients in whom the mean anti-Dsg titres are raised.
BACKGROUND: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a relatively common autoimmune blistering disease in India. Recently, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test against desmoglein1 (Dsg 1) and desmoglein3 (Dsg 3) has been developed, which is found to be highly sensitive and specific. OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of ELISA for monitoring the disease of PV. METHODS: Serum samples from 63 active PV patients were tested for anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 using ELISA. They were tested for anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 reactivity before treatment. The test was performed during remission period and after relapse using commercially available ELISA kit. RESULTS: Both anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 levels were found to be raised in PV patients. Thirty-eight patients went on remission during treatment phase with mean anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 values, 13.18 U/mL and 18.89 U/mL respectively. Difference of baseline from remission was found to be significant (P < 0.001). Of these, 23 patients relapsed either during treatment phase or after stoppage of therapy and their mean anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 titres were 39.49 U/mL and 96.99 U/mL respectively. Difference of remission from relapse was also found to be significant (P < 0.001). The 50 U/mL cut-off for anti-Dsg1 ELISA provided 73.91% sensitivity and 72.5% specificity respectively. The 98.57 U/mL cut-off for anti-Dsg3 provided 82.61% sensitivity and 82.5% specificity respectively. CONCLUSION: ELISA is less time consuming, less expensive and a potential diagnostic test for PV. It is also highly sensitive and specific test for Indian patients in whom the mean anti-Dsg titres are raised.
Authors: G Genovese; C A Maronese; G Casazza; L Corti; L Venegoni; S Muratori; E Berti; D Fanoni; A V Marzano Journal: Clin Exp Dermatol Date: 2021-08-27 Impact factor: 4.481