UNLABELLED: Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is commonly performed to screen for vesicoureteric reflux or other urological anomalies but has a potential to provoke distress in infants and children. We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of interventions to reduce distress, pain or anxiety during VCUG. Eight trials (591 participants) met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSION: Conscious sedation with midazolam effectively alleviates the distress of VCUG in children older than 1 year of age. Psychological preparation and warmed contrast medium may also be effective. Nitrous oxide 50% may be an alternative to midazolam, but further evidence is needed.
UNLABELLED: Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is commonly performed to screen for vesicoureteric reflux or other urological anomalies but has a potential to provoke distress in infants and children. We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of interventions to reduce distress, pain or anxiety during VCUG. Eight trials (591 participants) met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSION: Conscious sedation with midazolam effectively alleviates the distress of VCUG in children older than 1 year of age. Psychological preparation and warmed contrast medium may also be effective. Nitrous oxide 50% may be an alternative to midazolam, but further evidence is needed.
Authors: Nader Shaikh; Alejandro Hoberman; Ron Keren; Anastasia Ivanova; Harvey A Ziessman; Gang Cui; Tej K Mattoo; Sonika Bhatnagar; Milan D Nadkarni; Marva Moxey-Mims; William A Primack Journal: Pediatr Radiol Date: 2016-06-10