BACKGROUND: Since 2006 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations have been analyzed within the scope of the breast milk project conducted by the Governmental Institute of Public Health of Lower Saxony. OBJECTIVES: Temporal trends and regional distributions of the resident population as well as the relevance of individual factors influencing PBDE concentration were to be determined. METHODS: Four PBDE congeners (BDE-47, BDE-153, BDE-99, BDE-100) have been analyzed. The concentrations are fitted by linear regression models, whereby individual factors of the mother are surveyed by a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 2173 samples taken between 2006 and 2009 shows an estimated total PBDE mean value of 1.68 ng/g lipid weight (l.w.). In contrast to most other studies, the proportion of BDE-153 exceeds the one of BDE-47 (median: 0.51 ng/g l.w. vs. 0.31 ng/g l.w.). BMI shows a positive correlation with BDE-47 and a negative correlation with BDE-153, both statistically significant (p<0.001). For BDE-153, other significant factors (former breast feeding periods, birth year of the mother and country of birth) reflect also dilution effects and the time of accumulation. A decreasing temporal trend is observed for BDE-47 but not for BDE-153. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation patterns, the temporal trends and the various influencing factors may reflect differences in exposure sources and/or metabolism between the major congeners BDE-47 and BDE-153. Therefore it seems to be necessary to discuss the concentrations of BDE-47 and BDE-153 separately as leading indicators instead of using a total PBDE.
BACKGROUND: Since 2006 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations have been analyzed within the scope of the breast milk project conducted by the Governmental Institute of Public Health of Lower Saxony. OBJECTIVES: Temporal trends and regional distributions of the resident population as well as the relevance of individual factors influencing PBDE concentration were to be determined. METHODS: Four PBDE congeners (BDE-47, BDE-153, BDE-99, BDE-100) have been analyzed. The concentrations are fitted by linear regression models, whereby individual factors of the mother are surveyed by a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 2173 samples taken between 2006 and 2009 shows an estimated total PBDE mean value of 1.68 ng/g lipid weight (l.w.). In contrast to most other studies, the proportion of BDE-153 exceeds the one of BDE-47 (median: 0.51 ng/g l.w. vs. 0.31 ng/g l.w.). BMI shows a positive correlation with BDE-47 and a negative correlation with BDE-153, both statistically significant (p<0.001). For BDE-153, other significant factors (former breast feeding periods, birth year of the mother and country of birth) reflect also dilution effects and the time of accumulation. A decreasing temporal trend is observed for BDE-47 but not for BDE-153. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation patterns, the temporal trends and the various influencing factors may reflect differences in exposure sources and/or metabolism between the major congeners BDE-47 and BDE-153. Therefore it seems to be necessary to discuss the concentrations of BDE-47 and BDE-153 separately as leading indicators instead of using a total PBDE.
Authors: Margaret A Adgent; Kate Hoffman; Barbara Davis Goldman; Andreas Sjödin; Julie L Daniels Journal: Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol Date: 2013-08-19 Impact factor: 3.980
Authors: Hana Logerová; Petr Tůma; Michal Stupák; Jana Pulkrábová; Pavel Dlouhý Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2019-10-24 Impact factor: 3.390